Timothy A. Cross

Timothy A. Cross, at Florida State University, directs the NMR Spectroscopy and Imaging Program at National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. He received his Ph.D. degree in chemistry at the University of Pennsylvania in 1981 from the Laboratory of Professor Stanley J. Opella. He continued at the University of Pennsylvania for a short while before taking a second postdoctor in the Laboratory of Professor Joachim Seelig and the University of Basel in Switzerland where he worked on the development of MRI. He then moved to Florida State where he is now the Earl Frieden Professor of Chemistry and Biochemistry. His research lab focuses on understanding the chemistry, structure, and functions of membrane proteins as well as the development of solid-state NMR methodology. He is also interested in the development of very high-field NMR technology for macromolecular studies and applications of this technology to structural biology and structural genomics. His research group was the first to submit a transmembrane structure to the protein data bank that had been characterized in a liquid crystalline lipid bilayer environment. He was also the first to submit a structure characterized by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. His current research projects include membrane protein drug targets from influenza A and the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome. Recently, he has been invited to speak at conferences in Canada, India, Italy, Germany, China, and Japan, as well as in the United States in just the past few years. He has more than 175 refereed publications and has been honored with an Alfred P. Sloan Fellowship and a Presidential Young Investigator Award. He is now a Fellow of the Biophysics Society and the American Academy for the Advancement of Science. He also serves on the editorial board for the Journal of Magnetic Resonance and Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry.

Biography Updated on 9 March 2008

Personal Home Page

http://www1.chem.fsu.edu/bio.php?id=9

Articles in Scholarly Journals [Incomplete List]

  1. High-resolution heteronuclear correlation spectroscopy in solid state NMR of aligned samples
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 188, no. 1, pp. 41–48, 2007
  2. Expression of membrane proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Escherichia coli as fusions with maltose binding protein
    Protein Expression and Purification, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 24–30, 2007
  3. Uniformly Aligned Full-Length Membrane Proteins in Liquid Crystalline Bilayers for Structural Characterization
    Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 129, no. 17, pp. 5304–5305, 2007
  4. Structural biology of transmembrane domains: Efficient production and characterization of transmembrane peptides by NMR
    Protein Science, vol. 16, no. 10, pp. 2153–2165, 2007
  5. Backbone Structure of the Amantadine-Blocked Trans-Membrane Domain M2 Proton Channel from Influenza A Virus
    Biophysical Journal, vol. 92, no. 12, pp. 4335–4343, 2007
  6. The Chemical and Dynamical Influence of the Anti-Viral Drug Amantadine on the M2 Proton Channel Transmembrane Domain
    Biophysical Journal, vol. 93, no. 1, pp. 276–283, 2007
  7. Flow-Through Lipid Nanotube Arrays for Structure-Function Studies of Membrane Proteins by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy
    Biophysical Journal, vol. 91, no. 8, pp. 3076–3084, 2006
  8. Histidines, heart of the hydrogen ion channel from influenza A virus: Toward an understanding of conductance and proton selectivity
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 103, no. 18, pp. 6865–6870, 2006
  9. Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 128, no. 30, pp. 9849–9855, 2006
  10. Intensity and mosaic spread analysis from PISEMA tensors in solid-state NMR
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 179, no. 2, pp. 190–198, 2006
  11. Analysis of RF heating and sample stability in aligned static solid-state NMR spectroscopy
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, 2006
  12. A large volume flat coil probe for oriented membrane proteins
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 181, no. 1, pp. 9–20, 2006
  13. pipath: An optimized algorithm for generating a-helical structures from PISEMA data
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 183, no. 1, pp. 87–95, 2006
  14. Comprehensive evaluation of solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy sample preparation for helical integral membrane proteins
    Journal of Structural and Functional Genomics, vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 51–64, 2006
  15. N and P solid-state NMR study of transmembrane domain alignment of M2 protein of influenza A virus in hydrated cylindrical lipid bilayers confined to anodic aluminum oxide nanopores
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 173, no. 2, pp. 322–327, 2005
  16. Ultra-wide bore 900MHz high-resolution NMR at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 177, no. 1, pp. 1–8, 2005
  17. Journal of Proteome Research, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 855–861, 2005
  18. Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 127, no. 34, pp. 11922–11923, 2005
  19. Genome Biology, vol. 6, no. 13, p. 244, 2005
  20. Proton Conductance of Influenza Virus M2 Protein in Planar Lipid Bilayers
    Biophysical Journal, vol. 87, no. 3, pp. 1697–1704, 2004
  21. Genome Biology, vol. 5, no. 4, p. 215, 2004
  22. Cloning and expression of multiple integral membrane proteins from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Escherichia coli
    Protein Science, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 148–158, 2004
  23. The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory
    Physica B: Condensed Matter, vol. 346-347, pp. 643–648, 2004
  24. Mathematical aspects of protein structure determination with NMR orientational restraints
    Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 1705–1730, 2004
  25. Towards quantitative measurements in solid-state CPMAS NMR: A Lee–Goldburg frequency modulated cross-polarization scheme
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 168, no. 1, pp. 8–17, 2004
  26. 2D solid state NMR spectral simulation of 310, a, and p-helices
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 168, no. 2, pp. 187–193, 2004
  27. Cross-polarization schemes for peptide samples oriented in hydrated phospholipid bilayers
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 168, no. 1, pp. 147–152, 2004
  28. Molecular dynamics simulations of Trp side-chain conformational flexibility in the gramicidin A channel
    Biopolymers, vol. 71, no. 5, pp. 593–600, 2003
  29. Atomic refinement with correlated solid-state NMR restraints
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 163, no. 2, pp. 300–309, 2003
  30. Initial structural and dynamic characterization of the M2 protein transmembrane and amphipathic helices in lipid bilayers
    Protein Science, vol. 12, no. 11, pp. 2597–2605, 2003
  31. Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 124, no. 20, pp. 5634–5635, 2002
  32. Biochemistry, vol. 41, no. 37, pp. 11294–11300, 2002
  33. Biochemistry, vol. 41, no. 44, pp. 13170–13177, 2002
  34. The effect of Hartmann–Hahn mismatching on polarization inversion spin exchange at the magic angle
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 159, no. 2, pp. 167–174, 2002
  35. NMR Spin Locking of Proton Magnetization under a Frequency-Switched Lee–Goldburg Pulse Sequence
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 154, no. 1, pp. 130–135, 2002
  36. PISEMA Powder Patterns and PISA Wheels
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 152, no. 2, pp. 217–226, 2001
  37. The Effect of RF Inhomogeneity on Heteronuclear Dipolar Recoupling in Solid State NMR: Practical Performance of SFAM and REDOR
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 152, no. 2, pp. 227–233, 2001
  38. Comparison of gramicidin A and gramicidin M channel conductance dispersities
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, vol. 1513, no. 2, pp. 185–192, 2001
  39. Complete Cross-Validation and R-Factor Calculation of a Solid-State NMR Derived Structure
    Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 123, no. 30, pp. 7292–7298, 2001
  40. Structure of the transmembrane region of the M2 protein H+ channel
    Protein Science, vol. 10, no. 11, pp. 2241–2250, 2001
  41. Journal of Biomolecular NMR, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 261–268, 2000
  42. Identification and minimization of sources of temporal instabilities in high field (>23 T) resistive magnets
    Review of Scientific Instruments, vol. 71, no. 7, p. 2882, 2000
  43. Influence of transmembrane peptides on bilayers of phosphatidylcholines with different acyl chain lengths studied by solid-state NMR
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, vol. 1509, no. 1-2, pp. 335–345, 2000
  44. Protein structure in anisotropic environments: Development of orientational constraints
    Concepts in Magnetic Resonance, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 55–70, 2000
  45. Protein structure in anisotropic environments: Unique structural fold from orientational constraints
    Concepts in Magnetic Resonance, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 71–82, 2000
  46. Helix tilt of the M2 transmembrane peptide from influenza A virus: an intrinsic property
    Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 295, no. 1, pp. 117–125, 2000
  47. Imaging Membrane Protein Helical Wheels
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 144, no. 1, pp. 162–167, 2000
  48. Atomic Refinement Using Orientational Restraints from Solid-State NMR
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 147, no. 1, pp. 9–16, 2000
  49. Cation transport: an example of structural based selectivity
    Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 285, no. 5, pp. 1993–2003, 1999
  50. The Influenza Virus M2Ion Channel Protein: Probing the Structure of the Transmembrane Domain in Intact Cells by Using Engineered Disulfide Cross-Linking
    Virology, vol. 254, no. 1, pp. 196–209, 1999
  51. 13C Selective Polarization and Spin Diffusion in a Lipid Bilayer-Bound Polypeptide by Solid-State NMR
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 139, no. 2, pp. 377–381, 1999
  52. Biochemistry, vol. 38, no. 29, pp. 9185–9197, 1999
  53. Nature Structural Biology, vol. 6, no. 7, pp. 609–609, 1999
  54. Nature Structural Biology, vol. 6, no. 7, pp. 610–611, 1999
  55. SOLID-STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE INVESTIGATION OF PROTEIN AND POLYPEPTIDE STRUCTURE
    Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 235–268, 1999
  56. Validation of the single-stranded channel conformation of gramicidin A by solid-state NMR
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 96, no. 14, pp. 7910–7915, 1999
  57. Water: Foldase activity in catalyzing polypeptide conformational rearrangements
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 96, no. 16, pp. 9057–9061, 1999
  58. Changes in polypeptide conformer populations induced by the solvent environment
    Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry, vol. 36, no. 9, pp. 651–655, 1998
  59. Orientational Constraints Derived from Hydrated Powder Samples by Two-Dimensional PISEMA
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 135, no. 1, pp. 227–231, 1998
  60. Cation Binding Induced Changes in15N CSA in a Membrane-Bound Polypeptide
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 135, no. 2, pp. 535–540, 1998
  61. Dipolar Oscillations in Cross-Polarized Peptide Samples in Oriented Lipid Bilayers
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 125, no. 1, pp. 220–223, 1997
  62. Field Stabilization and2H NMR Spectroscopy in a 24.6 T Resistive Magnet
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, vol. 125, no. 1, pp. 212–215, 1997
  63. High-resolution polypeptide structure in a lamellar phase lipid environment from solid state NMR derived orientational constraints
    Structure, vol. 5, no. 12, pp. 1655–1669, 1997
  64. High resolution and high fields in biological solid state NMR
    Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 77–80, 1997
  65. Hydrogen exchange in the lipid bilayer-bound gramicidin channel
    Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 177–183, 1996
  66. Conformational trapping in a membrane environment: A regulatory mechanism for protein activity?
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 93, no. 12, pp. 5872–5876, 1996
  67. A Catalytic Role for Protic Solvents in Conformational Interconversion
    Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 118, no. 38, pp. 9176–9177, 1996
  68. Biochemistry, vol. 35, no. 37, pp. 11959–11966, 1996
  69. Biochemistry, vol. 34, no. 17, pp. 5883–5895, 1995
  70. Biochemistry, vol. 34, no. 43, pp. 14138–14146, 1995
  71. Biochemistry, vol. 34, no. 43, pp. 14147–14155, 1995
  72. Low-Temperature Solid-State 15N NMR Characterization of Polypeptide Backbone Librations
    Journal of Magnetic Resonance, Series B, vol. 107, no. 1, pp. 43–50, 1995
  73. Polypeptide Conformational Space Dynamics by Solution NMR Disorder by X-ray Crystallography
    Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 241, no. 3, pp. 431–439, 1994
  74. Solid-state NMR structural studies of peptides and proteins in membranes
    Current Opinion in Structural Biology, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 574–581, 1994
  75. Structure and dynamics from solid-state NMR spectroscopy
    Structure, vol. 2, no. 8, pp. 699–701, 1994
  76. Structural analysis of highly oriented poly(p-phenylene-terephthalamide) by 15N solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance
    Solid State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 209–218, 1994
  77. Biochemistry, vol. 32, no. 27, pp. 7035–7047, 1993
  78. Rapidly Frozen Polypeptide Samples for Characterization of High-Definition Dynamics by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 197, no. 2, pp. 904–909, 1993
  79. A method for studying the structure of uniaxially aligned biopolymers using solid state15N-nmr: Application toBombyx mori silk fibroin fibers
    Biopolymers, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 847–861, 1993
  80. High-resolution structure and dynamic implications for a double-helical gramicidin A conformer
    Journal of Biomolecular NMR, vol. 3, no. 5, 1993
  81. Macromolecules, vol. 26, no. 24, pp. 6660–6663, 1993
  82. Structure of an isolated gramicidin A double helical species by high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance
    Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 226, no. 4, pp. 1101–1109, 1992
  83. Biochemistry, vol. 31, no. 37, pp. 8822–8828, 1992
  84. Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 114, no. 13, pp. 5312–5321, 1992
  85. Experimental determination of torsion angles in the polypeptide backbone of the gramicidin a channel by solid state nuclear magnetic resonance
    Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 218, no. 3, pp. 607–619, 1991
  86. Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance derived model for dynamics in the polypeptide backbone of the gramicidin a channel
    Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 218, no. 3, pp. 621–637, 1991
  87. Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 111, no. 1, pp. 400–401, 1989
  88. Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 111, no. 5, pp. 1910–1912, 1989
  89. Biochemistry, vol. 28, no. 24, pp. 9379–9385, 1989
  90. Solid-state 15N-NMR evidence that gramicidin A can adopt two different backbone conformations in dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine model membrane preparations
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Biomembranes, vol. 943, no. 3, pp. 535–540, 1988
  91. Solid-Phase Peptide Synthesis and Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy of [Ala3-15N][Val1]gramicidin A
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 85, no. 5, pp. 1384–1388, 1988
  92. Biochemistry, vol. 26, no. 21, pp. 6621–6626, 1987
  93. Protein structure by solid state nuclear magnetic resonance *1Residues 40 to 45 of bacteriophage fd coat protein
    Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 182, no. 3, pp. 367–381, 1985
  94. Biochemistry, vol. 23, no. 26, pp. 6398–6402, 1984
  95. Biochemistry, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 721–726, 1983
  96. 31P nuclear magnetic resonance of the RNA in tobacco mosaic virus*
    Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 170, no. 4, pp. 1037–1043, 1983
  97. Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 105, no. 2, pp. 306–308, 1983
  98. Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 105, no. 25, pp. 7471–7473, 1983
  99. Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 104, no. 6, pp. 1759–1761, 1982
  100. Protein Dynamics by Solid-State NMR: Aromatic Rings of the Coat Protein in fd Bacteriophage
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 79, no. 1, pp. 101–105, 1982
  101. Protein dynamics by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Peptide backbone of the coat protein in fd bacteriophage
    Journal of Molecular Biology, vol. 159, no. 3, pp. 543–549, 1982
  102. Structure and architecture of the bacterial virus fd. an infrared linear dichroism study
    Biophysical Chemistry, vol. 14, no. 3, pp. 283–291, 1981
  103. Biochemistry, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 290–297, 1981
  104. Structural properties of fd coat protein in sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 92, no. 2, pp. 478–484, 1980
  105. NMR of fd coat protein
    Journal of Supramolecular Structure, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 139–145, 1979
  106. Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 101, no. 19, pp. 5856–5857, 1979