Phillip I. Bird

Phillip I. Bird is currently an Associate Professor and deputy Head in the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. He received his Ph.D. degree in the molecular genetics of Escherichia coli from the University of Melbourne in 1984. He then spent three years in the USA as a Damon Runyon-Walter Winchell Cancer Foundation Fellow working with Professor Joe Sambrook (FRS) on eukaryotic protein trafficking, first at the Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory and then at the University of Texas in Dallas. On his return to Australia, he worked at the Commonwealth Serum Laboratories on the cloning and characterizing of pathogen antigens, and then joined Monash University to work on the molecular regulation of blood coagulation. While at Monash, he discovered a new group of human intracellular protease inhibitors (serpins) which serve to protect leukocytes from damage and death caused by proteases such as granzymes, neutrophil elastase, and cathepsin G. His current research interests are focused on the structure and biological role of these proteins and their target proteases, particularly SERPINB9 (PI-9) and granzyme B.

Biography Updated on 20 August 2007

Personal Home Page

http://www.med.monash.edu.au/biochem/staff/bird.html

Articles in Scholarly Journals [Incomplete List]

  1. A Common Fold Mediates Vertebrate Defense and Bacterial Attack
    Science, vol. 317, no. 5844, pp. 1548–1551, 2007
  2. Modulation of the granzyme B inhibitor proteinase inhibitor 9 (PI-9) by activation of lymphocytes and monocytes in vitro and by Epstein-Barr virus and bacterial infection
    Clinical and Experimental Immunology, vol. 143, no. 3, pp. 534–542, 2006
  3. Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-induced killing in the absence of granzymes A and B is unique and distinct from both apoptosis and perforin-dependent lysis
    The Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 173, no. 1, pp. 133–144, 2006
  4. The major human and mouse granzymes are structurally and functionally divergent
    The Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 175, no. 4, pp. 619–630, 2006
  5. Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes from Cathepsin B-deficient Mice Survive Normally in Vitro and in Vivo after Encountering and Killing Target Cells
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 281, no. 41, pp. 30485–30491, 2006
  6. Mechanisms of serpin dysfunction in disease
    Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine, vol. 8, no. 31, 2006
  7. Functional dissociation of ??m and cytochrome c release defines the contribution of mitochondria upstream of caspase activation during granzyme B-induced apoptosis
    Cell Death and Differentiation, vol. 13, no. 4, Article ID 4401772, 11 pages, 2006
  8. Epigenetic heterochromatin markers distinguish terminally differentiated leukocytes from incompletely differentiated leukemia cells in human blood
    Experimental Hematology, vol. 34, no. 4, pp. 453–462, 2006
  9. The granzyme B inhibitor, PI-9, is differentially expressed during placental development and up-regulated in hydatidiform moles
    Placenta, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 62–69, 2006
  10. Modulation and Redistribution of Proteinase Inhibitor 8 (Serpinb8) during Kidney Regeneration
    American Journal of Nephrology, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 34–42, 2006
  11. Genome Biology, vol. 7, no. 5, p. 216, 2006
  12. Extracellular granzymes: current perspectives
    Biological Chemistry, vol. 387, no. 7, pp. 827–837, 2006
  13. Granzyme B-Mediated Death of Pancreatic  -Cells Requires the Proapoptotic BH3-Only Molecule Bid
    Diabetes, vol. 55, no. 8, pp. 2212–2219, 2006
  14. BMC Genomics, vol. 6, no. 1, p. 167, 2005
  15. Cationic Sites on Granzyme B Contribute to Cytotoxicity by Promoting Its Uptake into Target Cells
    Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol. 25, no. 17, pp. 7854–7867, 2005
  16. Interaction of the nuclear localizing cytolytic granule serine protease granzyme B with importin a or ß: Modulation by the serpin inhibitor PI-9
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, vol. 95, no. 3, pp. 598–610, 2005
  17. Extracellular Matrix Remodeling by Human Granzyme B via Cleavage of Vitronectin, Fibronectin, and Laminin
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 280, no. 25, pp. 23549–23558, 2005
  18. The High Resolution Crystal Structure of the Human Tumor Suppressor Maspin Reveals a Novel Conformational Switch in the G-helix
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 280, no. 23, pp. 22356–22364, 2005
  19. Elucidation of the Substrate Specificity of the C1s Protease of the Classical Complement Pathway
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 280, no. 47, pp. 39510–39514, 2005
  20. Serpins 2005 - fun between the beta-sheets. Meeting report based upon presentations made at the 4th International Symposium on Serpin Structure, Function and Biology (Cairns, Australia)
    FEBS Journal, vol. 272, no. 19, pp. 4868–4873, 2005
  21. Granzyme B Encoded by the Commonly Occurring Human RAH Allele Retains Pro-apoptotic Activity
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 279, no. 17, pp. 16907–16911, 2004
  22. A Central Role for Bid in Granzyme B-induced Apoptosis
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 280, no. 6, pp. 4476–4482, 2004
  23. Human clade B serpins (ov-serpins) belong to a cohort of evolutionarily dispersed intracellular proteinase inhibitor clades that protect cells from promiscuous proteolysis
    Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences (CMLS), vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 301–325, 2004
  24. Production of recombinant serpins in Escherichia coli
    Methods, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 169–176, 2004
  25. Production of serpins using yeast expression systems
    Methods, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 185–190, 2004
  26. Enhancement of DNA Vaccine Potency by Coadministration of a Tumor Antigen Gene and DNA Encoding Serine Protease Inhibitor-6
    Cancer Research, vol. 64, no. 1, pp. 400–405, 2004
  27. The human serpin proteinase inhibitor-9 self-associates at physiological temperatures
    Protein Science, vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 1859–1864, 2004
  28. Targeted Disruption of SPI3/Serpinb6 Does Not Result in Developmental or Growth Defects, Leukocyte Dysfunction, or Susceptibility to Stroke
    Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol. 24, no. 9, pp. 4075–4082, 2004
  29. Granzyme B leakage-induced cell death: a new type of activation-induced natural killer cell death
    European Journal of Immunology, vol. 33, no. 12, pp. 3284–3292, 2003
  30. A retained selection cassette increases reporter gene expression without affecting tissue distribution in SPI3 knockout/GFP knock-in mice
    genesis, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 149–157, 2003
  31. Biochemistry, vol. 42, no. 24, pp. 7381–7389, 2003
  32. Characterization of Four Murine Homologs of the Human ov-serpin Monocyte Neutrophil Elastase Inhibitor MNEI (SERPINB1)
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 277, no. 44, pp. 42028–42033, 2002
  33. Serpins: Finely Balanced Conformational Traps
    IUBMB Life (International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology: Life), vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2002
  34. Molecular cloning and characterization of fox testis kinectin
    Molecular Reproduction and Development, vol. 62, no. 1, pp. 37–46, 2002
  35. Comparison of Human Chromosome 6p25 with Mouse Chromosome 13 Reveals a Greatly Expanded Ov-Serpin Gene Repertoire in the Mouse
    Genomics, vol. 79, no. 3, pp. 349–362, 2002
  36. Identification of AHNAK as a Novel Autoantigen in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 291, no. 4, pp. 951–958, 2002
  37. Distribution of serine proteinase inhibitor, clade B, member 6 (Serpinb6) in the adult mouse brain
    Gene Expression Patterns, vol. 1, no. 3-4, pp. 175–180, 2002
  38. a1A- and a1B-adrenoceptors are the major subtypes in human saphenous vein
    Life Sciences, vol. 68, no. 10, pp. 1191–1198, 2001
  39. The Granzyme B Inhibitor, PI-9, Is Present in Endothelial and Mesothelial Cells, Suggesting That It Protects Bystander Cells during Immune Responses
    Cellular Immunology, vol. 210, no. 1, pp. 21–29, 2001
  40. Perforin-independent expression of granzyme B and proteinase inhibitor 9 in human testis and placenta suggests a role for granzyme B-mediated proteolysis in reproduction
    Molecular Human Reproduction, vol. 7, no. 12, pp. 1133–1142, 2001
  41. Nucleocytoplasmic Distribution of the Ovalbumin Serpin PI-9 Requires a Nonconventional Nuclear Import Pathway and the Export Factor Crm1
    Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol. 21, no. 16, pp. 5396–5407, 2001
  42. The Serpins Are an Expanding Superfamily of Structurally Similar but Functionally Diverse Proteins. EVOLUTION, MECHANISM OF INHIBITION, NOVEL FUNCTIONS, AND A REVISED NOMENCLATURE
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 276, no. 36, pp. 33293–33296, 2001
  43. Importance of the P4' Residue in Human Granzyme B Inhibitors and Substrates Revealed by Scanning Mutagenesis of the Proteinase Inhibitor 9 Reactive Center Loop
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 276, no. 18, pp. 15177–15184, 2001
  44. Serine Proteinase Inhibitor 3 and Murinoglobulin I Are Potent Inhibitors of Neuropsin in Adult Mouse Brain
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 276, no. 18, pp. 14562–14571, 2001
  45. Regulation of pro-apoptotic leucocyte granule serine proteinases by intracellular serpins
    Immunology and Cell Biology, vol. 77, no. 1, pp. 47–57, 1999
  46. Antigen-specific systemic and reproductive tract antibodies in foxes immunized with Salmonella typhimuriumexpressing bacterial and sperm proteins
    Reproduction, Fertility and Development, vol. 11, no. 5, p. 219, 1999
  47. Human Ovalbumin Serpin Evolution: Phylogenic Analysis, Gene Organization, and Identification of New PI8-Related Genes Suggest That Two Interchromosomal and Several Intrachromosomal Duplications Generated the Gene Clusters at 18q21–q23 and 6p25
    Genomics, vol. 62, no. 3, pp. 490–499, 1999
  48. Expression and Purification of Recombinant Human Granzyme B from Pichia pastoris
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 261, no. 2, pp. 251–255, 1999
  49. Proteinase Inhibitor 6 (PI-6) Expression in Human Skin: Induction of PI-6 and a PI-6/Proteinase Complex during Keratinocyte Differentiation
    Experimental Cell Research, vol. 245, no. 2, pp. 263–271, 1998
  50. Construction and immunological assessment of Salmonella typhimurium expressing fox sperm LDH-C4
    Reproduction, Fertility and Development, vol. 10, no. 3, p. 225, 1998
  51. Distinct Membrane and Cytosolic Forms of Inositol Polyphosphate 5-Phosphatase II. EFFICIENT MEMBRANE LOCALIZATION REQUIRES TWO DISCRETE DOMAINS
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 273, no. 14, pp. 8256–8267, 1998
  52. A serpin gene cluster on human chromosome 6p25 contains PI6, PI9 and ELANH2 which have a common structure almost identical to the 18q21 ovalbumin serpin genes
    Cytogenetic and Genome Research, vol. 82, no. 3-4, pp. 273–277, 1998
  53. A New Family of 10 Murine Ovalbumin Serpins Includes Two Homologs of Proteinase Inhibitor 8 and Two Homologs of the Granzyme B Inhibitor (Proteinase Inhibitor 9)
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 272, no. 24, pp. 15434–15441, 1997
  54. Chromosome Research, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 279–279, 1997
  55. Recombinant Caspase-3 Expressed inPichia pastorisIs Fully Activated and Kinetically Indistinguishable from the Native Enzyme☆☆☆
    Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, vol. 238, no. 3, pp. 920–924, 1997
  56. Chromosomal Mapping of the Gene (PI9) Encoding the Intracellular Serpin Proteinase Inhibitor 9 to 6p25 by Fluorescencein SituHybridization
    Genomics, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 406–408, 1996
  57. A retinoic acid/cAMP-responsive enhancer containing a cAMP responsive element is required for the activation of the mouse thrombomodulin-encoding gene in differentiating F9 cells
    Gene, vol. 176, no. 1-2, pp. 139–147, 1996
  58. Proteinase Inhibitor 6 Cannot Be Secreted, Which Suggests It Is a New Type of Cellular Serpin
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 271, no. 3, pp. 1605–1612, 1996
  59. A Cytosolic Granzyme B Inhibitor Related to the Viral Apoptotic Regulator Cytokine Response Modifier A Is Present in Cytotoxic Lymphocytes
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 271, no. 44, pp. 27802–27809, 1996
  60. Gene Structure, Chromosomal Localization, and Expression of the Murine Homologue of Human Proteinase Inhibitor 6 (PI-6) Suggests Divergence of PI-6 from the Ovalbumin Serpins
    Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 270, no. 27, pp. 16089–16096, 1995
  61. The responses of blood galactose to oral doses of lactose, galactose plus glucose and milk to piglets
    British Journal of Nutrition, vol. 73, no. 5, pp. 753–761, 1995
  62. Chromosomal mapping of the human proteinase inhibitor 6 (PI6) gene to 6p25 by fluorescence in situ hybridization
    Genomics, vol. 26, no. 2, pp. 431–433, 1995
  63. Production and characterization of recombinant human proteinase inhibitor 6 expressed in Pichia pastoris
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Protein Structure and Molecular Enzymology, vol. 1252, no. 1, pp. 28–34, 1995
  64. Immunohistochemical localization of thrombomodulin in normal human skin and skin tumours
    The Journal of Pathology, vol. 175, no. 4, pp. 421–432, 1995
  65. Construction and characterization of a chimeric protein consisting of tissue-type plasminogen activator and the epidermal growth factor-like regions of thrombomodulin
    Fibrinolysis, vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 229–237, 1994
  66. The response in the blood of piglets to oral doses of galactose and glucose and intravenous administration of galactose
    British Journal of Nutrition, vol. 71, no. 4, pp. 553–561, 1994
  67. Cloning and sequencing of a cDNA encoding the murine vitamin K-dependent protein S
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression, vol. 1217, no. 3, pp. 325–328, 1994
  68. Internalization of the anticoagulant thrombomodulin is constitutive and does not require a signal in the cytoplasmic domain
    Immunology and Cell Biology, vol. 72, no. 6, Article ID icb199472, 8 pages, 1994
  69. Cloning and Molecular Characterization of a Human Intracellular Serine Proteinase Inhibitor
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 90, no. 20, pp. 9417–9421, 1993
  70. Association of annexin V with mitochondria
    FEBS Letters, vol. 329, no. 1-2, pp. 79–83, 1993
  71. Effects of annexin V on the activity of the anticoagulant proteins C and S
    Thrombosis Research, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 279–287, 1993
  72. Interaction of annexin V and platelets: Effects on platelet function and protein S binding
    Thrombosis Research, vol. 69, no. 3, pp. 289–296, 1993
  73. Characterization of the mouse thrombomodulin gene and functional analysis of the 5' flanking region in F9 teratocarcinoma cells
    Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Gene Structure and Expression, vol. 1173, no. 2, pp. 179–187, 1993
  74. Nucleolar and cytoplasmic localization of annexin V
    FEBS Letters, vol. 314, no. 3, pp. 425–429, 1992
  75. Uncoupling of translocation across microsomal membranes from biosynthesis of influenza virus hemagglutinin
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 289–295, 1988
  76. Translocation in yeast and mammalian cells: not all signal sequences are functionally equivalent
    The Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 105, no. 6, pp. 2905–2914, 1987
  77. Preliminary analysis of the incompatibility determinant of a group B miniplasmid
    Plasmid, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 90–92, 1985
  78. The use of mini-Gal plasmids for rapid incompatibility grouping of conjugative R plasmids
    Plasmid, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 234–242, 1984
  79. Demonstration of a third incompatibility function on plasmids already incompatible with group P and group I plasmids
    Plasmid, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 191–200, 1983
  80. An unexpected incompatibility interaction between two plasmids belonging to the I compatibility complex
    Plasmid, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 211–214, 1982