Anna Wald
University of Washington, USA

Anna Wald is a Professor in the Departments of Medicine and Epidemiology, and Laboratory Medicine at the University of Washington, Seattle, Wash, USA. She holds an M.D. degree from Mount Sinai School of Medicine and an M.P.H. degree from the University of Washington. She completed training in internal medicine at Boston City Hospital and in infectious diseases at University of Washington. She is the Director of the University of Washington Virology Research Clinic, a clinic dedicated to the study of epidemiology, natural history, and therapeutics for HSV infections. Her research has focused on genital herpes infections, including infections in pregnant women. She has been an Investigator in many clinical trials for novel antiviral agents and prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines for HSV infection. She has had a long-standing interest in HIV-HSV-2 coinfections, both from the view of the clinical management of HIV-HSV-2-coinfected patients and from the public health view of the amplification of HIV epidemic through HSV-2 infections.

Biography Updated on 18 August 2008

Personal Home Page

http://depts.washington.edu/daid/faculty/wald.htm

Articles in Scholarly Journals [Incomplete List]

  1. Reply
    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 196, no. 1, pp. e13–e14, 2007
  2. Effect of maternal herpes simplex virus (HSV) serostatus and HSV type on risk of neonatal herpes
    Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica, vol. 86, no. 5, pp. 523–529, 2007
  3. Virus-specific CD8+ T cells accumulate near sensory nerve endings in genital skin during subclinical HSV-2 reactivation
    Journal of Experimental Medicine, vol. 204, no. 3, pp. 595–603, 2007
  4. Topical Resiquimod 0.01% Gel Decreases Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Genital Shedding: A Randomized, Controlled Trial
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 195, no. 9, pp. 1324–1331, 2007
  5. Use of Long-Term Suppressive Acyclovir after Hematopoietic Stem-Cell Transplantation: Impact on Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) Disease and Drug-Resistant HSV Disease
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 196, no. 2, pp. 266–270, 2007
  6. Polymorphisms in TLR2 Are Associated with Increased Viral Shedding and Lesional Rate in Patients with Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 196, no. 4, pp. 505–509, 2007
  7. HSV-2 Serologic Testing in an HMO Population: Uptake and Psychosocial Sequelae
    Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 34, no. 9, pp. 718–725, 2007
  8. Incident and prevalent herpes simplex virus type 2 infection increases risk of HIV acquisition among women in Uganda and Zimbabwe
    AIDS, vol. 21, no. 12, pp. 1515–1523, 2007
  9. Optimizing PCR Positivity Criterion for Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus DNA on Skin and Mucosa
    Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol. 45, no. 5, pp. 1618–1620, 2007
  10. Longitudinal study of herpes simplex virus type 2 infection using viral dynamic modelling
    Sexually Transmitted Infections, vol. 83, no. 5, pp. 359–364, 2007
  11. One-year acyclovir prophylaxis for preventing varicella-zoster virus disease after hematopoietic cell transplantation: no evidence of rebound varicella-zoster virus disease after drug discontinuation
    Blood, vol. 110, no. 8, pp. 3071–3077, 2007
  12. Genital herpes: antiviral therapy for symptom relief and prevention of transmission
    Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, vol. 7, no. 6, pp. 665–675, 2006
  13. HIV serodiscordant sex partners and the prevalence of human herpesvirus 8 infection among HIV negative men who have sex with men: baseline data from the EXPLORE Study
    Sexually Transmitted Infections, vol. 82, no. 3, pp. 229–235, 2006
  14. Genital HSV-1 infections
    Sexually Transmitted Infections, vol. 82, no. 3, pp. 189–190, 2006
  15. Sequence-Based Methods for Identifying Epidemiologically Linked Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Strains
    Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol. 44, no. 7, pp. 2541–2546, 2006
  16. Fulminant, Acyclovir-Resistant, Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Hepatitis in an Immunocompetent Woman
    Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 1584–1586, 2006
  17. Comparative Efficacy of Famciclovir and Valacyclovir for Suppression of Recurrent Genital Herpes and Viral Shedding
    Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 33, no. 9, pp. 529–533, 2006
  18. High Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Men Who Have Sex with Men with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 in the EXPLORE Study
    American Journal of Epidemiology, vol. 164, no. 8, pp. 733–741, 2006
  19. Repeat-Region Polymorphisms in the Gene for the Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-3-Grabbing Nonintegrin-Related Molecule: Effects on HIV-1 Susceptibility
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 193, no. 5, pp. 698–702, 2006
  20. Knowledge of Partners' Genital Herpes Protects against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Acquisition
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 194, no. 1, pp. 42–52, 2006
  21. Management of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection in HIV Type 1-Infected Persons
    Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 347–356, 2006
  22. Oral Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Reactivation in HIV-Positive and -Negative Men
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 194, no. 4, pp. 420–427, 2006
  23. Frequent and Asymptomatic Oropharyngeal Shedding of Human Herpesvirus 8 among Immunocompetent Men
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 195, no. 1, pp. 30–36, 2006
  24. Targeted prenatal herpes simplex virus testing: Can we identify women at risk of transmission to the neonate?
    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 194, no. 2, pp. 408–414, 2006
  25. Maternal herpes simplex virus antibody avidity and risk of neonatal herpes
    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 195, no. 1, pp. 115–120, 2006
  26. Clinical correlates of index values in the focus HerpeSelect ELISA for antibodies to herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2)
    Journal of Clinical Virology, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 141–145, 2006
  27. A randomized controlled trial of a replication defective (gH deletion) herpes simplex virus vaccine for the treatment of recurrent genital herpes among immunocompetent subjects
    Vaccine, vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 914–920, 2006
  28. Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection Among Adolescents in the REACH Cohort
    Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, vol. 160, no. 9, pp. 937–942, 2006
  29. Differentiation of herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2 in clinical samples by a real-time taqman PCR assay
    Journal of Medical Virology, vol. 76, no. 3, pp. 350–355, 2005
  30. Risk factors for herpes simplex virus transmission to pregnant women: A couples study
    American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 193, no. 6, pp. 1891–1899, 2005
  31. A Population-Based Study of Primary Human Herpesvirus 6 Infection
    New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 352, no. 8, pp. 768–776, 2005
  32. Acyclovir Sensitivity of Sequential Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Isolates from the Genital Mucosa of Immunocompetent Women
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 192, no. 6, pp. 1102–1107, 2005
  33. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 (HSV-2) Western Blot Confirmatory Testing Among Men Testing Positive for HSV-2 Using the Focus Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay in a Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic
    Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 32, no. 12, pp. 771–777, 2005
  34. The psychosocial impact of serological herpes simplex type 2 testing in an urban HIV clinic
    Sexually Transmitted Infections, vol. 81, no. 4, pp. 309–315, 2005
  35. Valacyclovir reduced genital herpes transmission in couples discordant for herpes simplex virus type 2 infection
    Evidence-Based Medicine, vol. 9, no. 5, pp. 146–146, 2004
  36. Oral shedding of herpes simplex virus type 2
    Sexually Transmitted Infections, vol. 80, no. 4, pp. 272–276, 2004
  37. Type-specific testing for herpes simplex virus
    Expert Review of Molecular Diagnostics, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 443–453, 2004
  38. Remission of HHV-8 and HIV-associated multicentric Castleman disease with ganciclovir treatment
    Blood, vol. 103, no. 5, pp. 1632–1634, 2004
  39. Failure of cidofovir in HIV-associated multicentric Castleman disease
    Blood, vol. 103, no. 11, pp. 4368–4369, 2004
  40. Development and Use of a Type-Specific Antibody Avidity Test Based on Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Glycoprotein G
    Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 31, no. 8, pp. 508–515, 2004
  41. HIV Infection and Human Herpesvirus-8 Oral Shedding Among Men Who Have Sex with Men
    JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol. 35, no. 3, pp. 233–238, 2004
  42. The Effects of Herpes Simplex Virus-2 on HIV-1 Acquisition and Transmission: A Review of Two Overlapping Epidemics
    JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, vol. 35, no. 5, pp. 435–445, 2004
  43. Vitamin A Supplementation and Genital Shedding of Herpes Simplex Virus among HIV-1-Infected Women: A Randomized Clinical Trial
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 189, no. 8, pp. 1466–1471, 2004
  44. Frequent Reactivation of Herpes Simplex Virus among HIV-1-Infected Patients Treated with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 190, no. 4, pp. 693–696, 2004
  45. Valacyclovir and Acyclovir for Suppression of Shedding of Herpes Simplex Virus in the Genital Tract
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 190, no. 8, pp. 1374–1381, 2004
  46. Targeting Virological Core Groups: A New Paradigm for Controlling Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Epidemics
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 190, no. 9, pp. 1610–1617, 2004
  47. Expression of Cutaneous Lymphocyte-Associated Antigen and E-selectin Ligand by Circulating Human Memory CD4+ T Lymphocytes Specific for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 191, no. 2, pp. 243–254, 2004
  48. Once-Daily Valacyclovir to Reduce the Risk of Transmission of Genital Herpes
    New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 350, no. 1, pp. 11–20, 2004
  49. Introduction: Is viral shedding a surrogate marker for transmission of genital herpes?
    Antiviral Research, vol. 63, pp. S3–S9, 2004
  50. Lessons from HIV and hepatitis viruses
    Antiviral Research, vol. 63, pp. S11–S18, 2004
  51. HSV shedding
    Antiviral Research, vol. 63, pp. S19–S26, 2004
  52. HSV-2 transmission
    Antiviral Research, vol. 63, pp. S27–S35, 2004
  53. Invasive aspergillosis before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: 10-year experience at a single transplant center
    Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 494–503, 2004
  54. Cesarean Delivery and Risk of Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
    JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 289, no. 17, pp. 2208–2208, 2003
  55. Effect of Serologic Status and Cesarean Delivery on Transmission Rates of Herpes Simplex Virus From Mother to Infant
    JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 289, no. 2, pp. 203–209, 2003
  56. Immunodominance among herpes simplex virus-specific CD8 T cells expressing a tissue-specific homing receptor
    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 100, no. 22, pp. 12899–12904, 2003
  57. Transferred Herpes Simplex Virus Immunity after Stem-Cell Transplantation: Clinical Implications
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 187, no. 5, pp. 801–808, 2003
  58. How Does Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Influence Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection and Pathogenesis?
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 187, no. 10, pp. 1509–1512, 2003
  59. Disseminated Sporotrichosis Associated with Treatment with Immunosuppressants and Tumor Necrosis Factor- Antagonists
    Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 37, no. 6, pp. 838–840, 2003
  60. Valacyclovir for the Suppression of Recurrent Genital Herpes in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Subjects
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 188, no. 7, pp. 1009–1016, 2003
  61. Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) DNA on Mucosal Surfaces: Comparison with HSV Isolation in Cell Culture
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 188, no. 9, pp. 1345–1351, 2003
  62. Correlates of Human Herpesvirus-8 Seropositivity Among U.S. Military Members Recently Infected With Human Immunodeficiency Virus
    Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 30, no. 9, pp. 713–718, 2003
  63. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Infection With Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 and -2 Among Lesbians
    Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 30, no. 12, pp. 890–895, 2003
  64. Natural History of Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection
    Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 174–177, 2003
  65. Time Course of Seroconversion by HerpeSelect ELISA After Acquisition of Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) or HSV-2
    Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 310–314, 2003
  66. Psychosocial impact of serological diagnosis of herpes simplex virus type 2: a qualitative assessment
    Sexually Transmitted Infections, vol. 79, no. 4, pp. 280–285, 2003
  67. Expression of cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen by CD8+ T cells specific for a skin-tropic virus
    Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 110, no. 4, pp. 537–548, 2002
  68. Assessment of a Combined Testing Strategy for Detection of Antibodies to Human Herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in Persons with Kaposi's Sarcoma, Persons with Asymptomatic HHV-8 Infection, and Persons at Low Risk for HHV-8 Infection
    Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 3822–3825, 2002
  69. Quantitative Stability of DNA after Extended Storage of Clinical Specimens as Determined by Real-Time PCR
    Journal of Clinical Microbiology, vol. 40, no. 7, pp. 2609–2611, 2002
  70. Risk of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2–Seropositive Persons: A Meta-analysis
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 185, no. 1, pp. 45–52, 2002
  71. Epidemiology and Outcome of Mould Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients
    Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 34, no. 7, pp. 909–917, 2002
  72. Two-Day Regimen of Acyclovir for Treatment of Recurrent Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection
    Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 34, no. 7, pp. 944–948, 2002
  73. Correlates of Prevalent and Incident Kaposi’s Sarcoma–Associated Herpesvirus Infection in Men Who Have Sex with Men
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 185, no. 7, pp. 990–993, 2002
  74. Serological Testing for Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV)–1 and HSV-2 Infection
    Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 35, no. S2, pp. S173–S182, 2002
  75. Genital Shedding of Herpes Simplex Virus among Men
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 186, no. S1, pp. S34–S39, 2002
  76. HHV-8 infection: a model for reactivation and transmission
    Reviews in Medical Virology, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 47–63, 2002
  77. Effect of Condoms on Reducing the Transmission of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 From Men to Women
    JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 285, no. 24, pp. 3100–3106, 2001
  78. Effect of Condoms on Reducing Genital Herpes Transmission
    JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 286, no. 17, pp. 2095–2096, 2001
  79. Genital HSV-2 in asymptomatic subjects
    Biomedecine & Pharmacotherapy, vol. 55, no. 1, p. 71, 2001
  80. Mucosal Shedding of Human Herpesvirus 8
    New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 344, no. 9, pp. 690–692, 2001
  81. Corynebacterium jeikeium bacteremia in bone marrow transplant patients with Hickman catheters
    Bone Marrow Transplantation, vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 445–449, 2001
  82. Demographic rather than behavioral risk factors predict herpes simplex virus type 2 infection in sexually active adolescents
    The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 422–426, 2001
  83. Premarket Evaluation of the POCkit HSV-2 Type-Specific Serologic Test in Culture-Documented Cases of Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2
    Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 266–269, 2000
  84. Herpes simplex virus: the importance of asymptomatic shedding
    Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, vol. 45, no. 90004, pp. 1–8, 2000
  85. Reactivation of Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection in Asymptomatic Seropositive Persons
    New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 342, no. 12, pp. 844–850, 2000
  86. Mucosal Shedding of Human Herpesvirus 8 in Men
    New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 343, no. 19, pp. 1369–1377, 2000
  87. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 as a Cause of Genital Herpes: Impact on Surveillance and Prevention
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 181, no. 4, pp. 1454–1457, 2000
  88. Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Shedding in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Negative Men Who Have Sex with Men: Frequency, Patterns, and Risk Factors
    Clinical Infectious Diseases, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 261–267, 2000
  89. Association of Major Histocompatibility Complex Determinants with the Development of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infections
    The Journal of Infectious Diseases, vol. 179, no. 5, pp. 1077–1085, 1999
  90. Antiviral Therapies for Long-term Suppression of Genital Herpes
    JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association, vol. 281, no. 13, pp. 1169–1170, 1999
  91. Detection of Herpes Simplex Virus DNA in Semen of Men With Genital HSV-2 Infection
    Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 1–3, 1999
  92. An Interactive, Computer-Based Program to Educate Patients About Genital Herpes
    Sexually Transmitted Diseases, vol. 26, no. 6, pp. 364–368, 1999
  93. HERPES SIMPLEX VIRUS–2 INFECTIONAn Emerging Disease?
    Infectious Disease Clinics of North America, vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 47–61, 1998
  94. Virologic Characteristics of Subclinical and Symptomatic Genital Herpes Infections
    New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 333, no. 12, pp. 770–775, 1995