Case Report
Vegan Triple-Ironman (Raw Vegetables/Fruits)
Table 2
Echocardiographic parameters.
| | | | Vegan athlete, off-season | Vegan athlete, active season | Control group |
| | Aortic root | cm | 3.7 | 3.4 | 3.1 ± 0.4 | | Left atrium | cm | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.6 ± 0.3 | | Left atrium | ml | 36 | 30 | 29.6 ± 8.6 | | LVEDD | cm | 5.0 | 5.4 | 4.64 ± 0.4 | | IVSD | cm | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | | PWTD | cm | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.2 ± 0.1 | | LVMM | g | 211.3 | 206.3 | 203.0 ± 35.3 | | LVMM | g/m² | 105.68 | 103.67 | 103.1 ± 14.5 | | EDV | mL | 119 | 140 | 100.2 ± 16.7 | | ESV | mL | 48 | 58 | 39 ± 6.1 | | SV | mL | 72 | 82 | 61.2 ± 11.2 | | EF | % | 60 | 59 | 61.0 ± 2.1 | | SF | % | 32 | 31 | 35.5 ± 9.4 | | MV E/A ratio | | 1.45 | 1.56 | 1.39 ± 0.20 |
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EDV: end diastolic volume, EF: ejection fraction, ESV: end systolic volume, IVSD: intraventricular septum in diastole, LVEDD: left ventricular end diastolic diameter, LVMM: left ventricular muscle mass, MV E/A ratio: mitral valve E/A ratio, PWTD: posterior wall thickness in diastole, SF: shortening fraction, and SV: stroke volume.
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