http://www.hindawi.com The latest articles from Hindawi Publishing Corporation © 2013 , Hindawi Publishing Corporation . All rights reserved. Thu, 23 May 2013 17:53:25 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/652728/ Ductal papillomas have unique papillary features arising from the salivary gland duct system. They comprise three rare benign adenomas, namely, inverted ductal papilloma, sialadenoma papilliferum, and intraductal papilloma. Intraductal papilloma is an extremely rare benign salivary gland tumor that occurs most commonly in the minor salivary glands. Here, we are presenting a case report of intraductal papilloma in an 18-year-old patient. P. Ramaswamy, Tanya Khaitan, A. Anuradha, B. Praveen Kumar, and S. Sudhakar Copyright © 2013 P. Ramaswamy et al. All rights reserved. Wed, 22 May 2013 14:11:41 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/748405/ Deficiencies in the alveolar ridges cause multiple problems in achieving aesthetic and functional outcome of implant therapy and are commonly restored by using onlay graft from intraoral source. Careful assessment of the recipient as well as the donor site using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a prerequisite to ideal treatment planning. This paper highlights the critical role of CBCT in planning a successful rehabilitation of traumatised deficient anterior maxillary alveolar ridge using autogenous block graft from mandibular symphysis, followed by implant placement. A 21-year-old male reported with missing right maxillary lateral incisor due to traumatic avulsion 6 months back. A concavity was found on the labial aspect of edentulous area. Serial transplanar images on CBCT revealed gross irregular radiolucency in place of labial cortical plate. Using CBCT, size of the required block was estimated, and mandibular symphyseal area was evaluated for the feasibility of harvesting a graft of suitable dimension. Onlay block graft was harvested from mandibular symphysis and placed at the edentulous site to augment the alveolar ridge. Implants were placed 5 months later and loaded successfully after osseointegration. After 1 year of followup, implant-based prosthesis is working well, without any complications. Shipra Arora, Arundeep Kaur Lamba, Farrukh Faraz, Shruti Tandon, and Abdul Ahad Copyright © 2013 Shipra Arora et al. All rights reserved. Wed, 22 May 2013 13:42:41 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/537120/ Oral habits in form of digit/thumb sucking are common phenomenon and part of childhood behavior. They are normally associated with oral pleasure, hunger, anxiety, and sometimes psychological disturbances. Chronic practice can cause major orthopedic alterations to the skeletal structures of the oral cavity and lower face. Aversive approaches in form of punitive therapy have been moderately effective. Modified bluegrass appliance is nonpunitive therapy to treat sucking habits. It acts as a habit reversal technique and installs positive reinforcement in children. Modified blue grass appliance proved to be very comfortable to patients and encourages neuromuscular stimulations. Amish Diwanji, Preet Jain, Jigar Doshi, Prakash Somani, and Dhaval Mehta Copyright © 2013 Amish Diwanji et al. All rights reserved. Wed, 22 May 2013 13:22:39 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/564392/ The aim of this case report is to present two cases where cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was used for the diagnosis, treatment planning, and followup of large periapical lesions in relation to maxillary anterior teeth treated by endodontic surgery. Periapical disease may be detected sooner using CBCT, and their true size, extent, nature, and position can be assessed. It allows clinician to select the most relevant views of the area of interest resulting in improved detection of periapical lesions. CBCT scan may provide a better, more accurate, and faster method to differentially diagnose a solid (granuloma) from a fluid-filled lesion or cavity (cyst). In the present case report, endodontic treatment was performed for both the cases followed by endodontic surgery. Biopsy was done to establish the confirmatory histopathological diagnosis of the periapical lesions. Long-term assessment of the periapical healing following surgery was done in all the three dimensions using CBCT and was found to be more accurate than IOPA radiography. It was concluded that CBCT was a useful modality in making the diagnosis and treatment plan and assessing the outcome of endodontic surgery for large periapical lesions. Vijay Shekhar and K. Shashikala Copyright © 2013 Vijay Shekhar and K. Shashikala. All rights reserved. Tue, 21 May 2013 19:10:05 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/565721/ Ameloblastic fibroma (AF) is an uncommon mixed neoplasm of odontogenic origin frequently seen in the second decade of life. It mainly presents as an intrabony lesion but can even occur peripherally. Histologically, our case showed hypercellular areas, an uncommon feature seen in typical AF. Whether this benign lesion is treated by mode of enucleation and curettage or by extensive surgery is still a topic of debate. An extensive surgical treatment is suggested as the initial approach due to its high recurrence rate (18%) and the greater chances of recurrent AFs transforming into ameloblastic fibrosarcoma (45%), together with a long-term followup. We report a case of recurrent AF with hypercellular ectomesenchyme which developed a year after its conservative removal. We conclude that in recurrent AF sufficient sections of the pathological specimen are to be taken to rule out any malignant changes that might have begun in focal areas. Ravikumar S. Kulkarni, Amitabh Sarkar, and Sandeep Goyal Copyright © 2013 Ravikumar S. Kulkarni et al. All rights reserved. Mon, 20 May 2013 15:41:54 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/517145/ Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is a sporadic disorder and is frequent among the neurocutaneous syndromes specifically with vascular predominance. This syndrome consists of constellation of clinical features like facial nevus, seizures, hemiparesis, intracranial calcifications, and mental retardation. It is characterized by focal port-wine stain, ocular abnormalities (glaucoma), and choroidal hemangioma and leptomeningeal angioma most often involving occipital and parietal lobes. The present paper reports three cases of SWS with oral manifestations and periodontal management, which included thorough scaling and root planing followed by gingivectomy with scalpel and laser in cases 1 and 3 consecutively to treat the gingival enlargement. However, the treatment in case 2 was deferred as the patient was not a candidate for periodontal surgery. Butchibabu Kalakonda, Koppolu Pradeep, Ashank Mishra, Krishnanjaneya Reddy, Tupili Muralikrishna, Vijaya Lakshmi, and Radhika Challa Copyright © 2013 Butchibabu Kalakonda et al. All rights reserved. Mon, 20 May 2013 11:52:53 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/497234/ Intraoral ossifying fibromas have been described in the literature since the late 1940s. Peripheral ossifying fibroma (POF) is usually a fibroma of the gingival which shows areas of calcification or ossification. It is a nonneoplastic enlargement of gingiva. Due to its clinical and histopathological similarities, some POFs are believed to develop initially as a pyogenic granuloma that undergoes fibrous maturation and subsequent calcification. It has been suggested that POF represents a separate clinical entity rather than a transitional form of pyogenic granuloma or irritation fibroma. This paper describes a case report of a 60-year-old female patient reported with growth on gingiva in the upper left front region of mouth three years ago. Meenakshi Bhasin, Vinny Bhasin, and Abhilasha Bhasin Copyright © 2013 Meenakshi Bhasin et al. All rights reserved. Sat, 18 May 2013 14:18:08 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/490785/ Pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE) is an inherited multisystemic disease of elastic fibers that primarily affects the skin and retina. A case of primary PXE of the skin with late involvement of the upper lip is reported. A 55-year-old woman with a previous diagnosis of PXE affecting her skin developed a lesion on her lower lip. An oral examination identified a yellowish macule of undefined limits. A biopsy from her lip was taken and both light and transmission electron microscopies confirmed the presence of fragmented elastic fibers and calcifications on her mucosa, which was compatible with the diagnosis of oral PXE. Since the manifestation of oral PXE is rare in this region, dental practitioners must be aware that this systemic condition may produce oral lesions, which sometimes may mimic other benign diseases of the oral cavity like Fordyce granules. So, the establishment of an appropriate diagnosis is necessary to provide adequate information and attention to the patient. Flávia Sayuri Matsuo, Alceu Luiz Camargo Villela Berbert, Sônia Antunes de Oliveira Mantese, Adriano Mota Loyola, Sérgio Vitorino Cardoso, and Paulo Rogério de Faria Copyright © 2013 Flávia Sayuri Matsuo et al. All rights reserved. Thu, 16 May 2013 11:17:11 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/260707/ Background. Rehabilitation of edentulous jaws with implant-supported prosthesis has become a common practice among oral surgeons in the last three decades. This therapy presents a very low incidence of complications. One of them is the displacement of dental implants into the maxillary sinus. Dental implants, such as any other foreign body into the maxillary sinus, should be removed in order to prevent sinusitis. Methods. In this paper, we report a case of dental implant migrated in the maxillary sinus and removed by means of the bone lid technique. Results and Conclusion. The migration of dental implants into the maxillary sinus is rarely reported. Migrated implants should be considered for removal in order to prevent possible sinusal diseases. The implant has been removed without any complications, confirming the bone lid technique to be safe and reliable. Pietro Fusari, Matteo Doto, and Matteo Chiapasco Copyright © 2013 Pietro Fusari et al. All rights reserved. Thu, 16 May 2013 09:52:49 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/938291/ Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare malignant neoplasm that arises most commonly in joint capsules and articular tendons, but its relationship to the synovium is not always obvious. Synovial sarcoma is a malignant soft tissue tumor representing 5.6% to 10% of all soft tissue sarcomas. They are termed SS because of their histologic resemblance to the synovium, but they rarely involve a synovial structure and are thought to arise from pluripotential mesenchymal cells. The tumor usually occurs in close association with tendon sheaths, bursae, and joint capsules, primarily in the para-articular regions of the extremities, with approximately 9% occurring in the head and neck region. Synovial sarcoma has been reported rarely in the oral cavity. We report a very rare case of Synovial sarcoma of the buccal mucosa in a 24-year-old male patient. Kumar T. S. Mahesh, Indira Annamalai Ponnuswamy, Maria Priscilla David, Peeyush Shivhare, Mahalakshmi Ikkanur Puttaranganayak, and Pooja Sinha Copyright © 2013 Kumar T. S. Mahesh et al. All rights reserved. Tue, 14 May 2013 13:47:07 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/659084/ Introduction. Dentin dysplasia is a rare disturbance of dentin formation characterized by normal enamel but atypical dentin formation with abnormal pulpal morphology that is inherited as an autosomal pulpal morphology. Case Presentation. A 7-year-old female who had problems in chewing function was referred to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department at the Faculty of Dentistry in Ondokuz Mayıs University. In the radiographic examination, it was determined that some of the unerupted permanent teeth of the patient had short, blunted, and malformed roots with obliterated pulp chambers, although the bone below the teeth showed well-defined margins. This unusual case of generalized short roots presents a case demonstrating both classic and atypical features of dentinal dysplasia type I (DDI) in the mixed and permanent dentitions. Conclusion. There are still many issues in the diagnosis and management of patients with dentin dysplasia. Early diagnosis, clinical and radiographic findings, as well as treatment of this condition and the initiation of effective preventive strategies may help prevent or delay loss of dentition. Sezin Ozer, Bora Ozden, Feyza Otan Ozden, and Kaan Gunduz Copyright © 2013 Sezin Ozer et al. All rights reserved. Sun, 12 May 2013 17:10:03 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/387206/ A case of implant-bone prosthetic rehabilitation, after the fracture of the maxillary central incisors, which had been treated with grafting of a bone substitute, is reported. This case was followed by the normal procedures of implantology within the traditional timeframe for bone regeneration. However, a barrier membrane was not used which shows that even along with the use of graft material a sufficient amount of bone could be achieved for a subsequent rehabilitation. Therefore, after a five-year follow-up period, osseointegration was maintained with no marginal bone loss. Massimo Amato, Vincenzo Bruno, Giuseppe Pantaleo, Antonio Cerutti, Gianrico Spagnuolo, and Gilberto Sammartino Copyright © 2013 Massimo Amato et al. All rights reserved. Wed, 08 May 2013 13:54:07 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/406410/ Prosthetic rehabilitation of the midfacial defects has always perplexed prosthodontists. These defects lead to functional and esthetic deficiencies. The purpose of this clinical case report was the presentation of the prosthetic rehabilitation of an extraoral-intraoral defect using two-piece prosthesis magnetically connected. This prosthesis has dramatically improved the patient’s speech, mastication, swallowing, and esthetic. Mahnaz Hatami, Hamid Badrian, Siamak Samanipoor, and Marcelo Coelho Goiato Copyright © 2013 Mahnaz Hatami et al. All rights reserved. Mon, 29 Apr 2013 08:57:19 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/827247/ Esha Verma, ArunKumar Bhimashankar Chakki, Sharanbasappa Chandrashekar Nagaral, and Kiran Kumar Ganji Copyright © 2013 Esha Verma et al. All rights reserved. Wed, 24 Apr 2013 08:08:53 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/757645/ Most periapical lesions are associated with microorganisms from infected root canal systems. Maxillary sinus can pose a diagnostic dilemma radiographically because of its anatomical variation which can mimic a periapical pathosis. The aim of this study was to describe two cases of aberrant anatomical variation of the maxillary sinus that presented radiographic similarities to a periapical cyst in order to call the attention of clinicians to the fact that several different diseases are able to mimic endodontic periapical lesions. An accurate assessment of this morphology was made with the help of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Ahmet Ercan Sekerci, Yildiray Sisman, Meryem Etoz, and Duygu Goller Bulut Copyright © 2013 Ahmet Ercan Sekerci et al. All rights reserved. Tue, 23 Apr 2013 10:28:15 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/270385/ Implant fracture is one of the important biomechanical complications which can present with a considerable problem to the patient as well as the dental surgeon. The aim of this case report is to describe the management of a case of fractured endosseous dental implant in premolar region and microscopic evaluation of the fractured implant segment using scanning electron microscopy. In most of such cases, complete removal of the fractured implant has been a preferred treatment option. In the present case, fractured implant segment was successfully removed and rehabilitated immediately with larger diameter implant. It was found that retrieved fracture segment had a diameter of 3.3 mm, and SEM analysis shows fatigue fractures which may be the result of excessive overloading and use of small diameter implant which enhances fatigue failure. Archana Singh, Ankita Singh, Rajul Vivek, T. P. Chaturvedi, Pankaj Chauhan, and Shruti Gupta Copyright © 2013 Archana Singh et al. All rights reserved. Tue, 23 Apr 2013 08:55:21 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/957418/ Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic neoplasm which frequently affects the mandible. The term ameloblastoma includes several clinicoradiological and histological types. Apart from the most commonly encountered clinicopathologic models, there are few variants, whose biological profile is unknown or not elicited. Among these types, unicystic ameloblastoma is the least encountered variant of the ameloblastoma. Unicystic ameloblastoma refers to those cystic lesions that show clinical, radiographic, or gross features of a jaw cyst but on histologic examination show a typical ameloblastomatous epithelium lining the cyst cavity, with or without luminal and/or mural tumor proliferation. Unicystic ameloblastoma is a less encountered variant of the ameloblastoma and is believed to be less aggressive. As this tumor shows considerable similarities with dentigerous cysts, both clinically and radiographically, the biologic behaviour of this tumor group was reviewed. Moreover, recurrence of unicystic ameloblastoma may be long delayed, and a long-term postoperative followup is essential for proper management of these patients. Here we are presenting a case of unicystic ameloblastoma in an 18-year-old female patient. V. Nagalaxmi, Mithare Sangmesh, Kotya Naik Maloth, Srikanth Kodangal, Vani Chappidi, and Stuti Goyal Copyright © 2013 V. Nagalaxmi et al. All rights reserved. Mon, 22 Apr 2013 17:10:42 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/286186/ Dental trauma is such a situation wherein the patient is affected both socially and psychologically. During their first dental visit, these patients with trauma are in pain and need emergency treatment. Such patients are quite apprehensive because of impaired functions, esthetics, and phonetics. The prime objective while handling such cases is successful pain management with immediate restoration of function, esthetics, and phonetics. The advances in adhesive dentistry have allowed dentists to use the patient’s own fragment to restore the fractured tooth. Reattachment is such an ultraconservative technique which provides safe, fast, and esthetically pleasing results. This paper discusses fragment reattachment technique and presents a clinical case of complicated crown fracture. B. Vishwanath, Umrana Faizudin, M. Jayadev, and Sushma Shravani Copyright © 2013 B. Vishwanath et al. All rights reserved. Mon, 22 Apr 2013 16:52:46 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/914173/ Purpose. A standard coronectomy (intentional partial odontectomy) is recommended for mandibular third molar (MTM) extraction cases with a high risk of inferior alveolar nerve injury (IANI). However, complications such as inadvertent intraoperative root removal, post-op root migration, second molar (MSM) periodontal defects and others do exist. This report presents a new technique, the Modified and Grafted Coronectomy (MGC), describes the measures to prevent or minimize the known drawbacks of the standard coronectomy, and reviews the literature for comparison with three other IANI-prevention techniques. Materials and Methods. MGC was performed on two MTMs with nerve involvement and severe periodontal pockets on the distal of MSM. Modifications were: stabilizing the root stump to prevent intraoperative movement, creation of a large intrabony space for bone graft material, and grafting for periodontal healing while minimizing the possibility of post-op root migration. Results. Excellent overall periodontal improvement, with probing depths reduced to 3-4 mm. Panoramic radiograph displayed remarkable bone regeneration. No residual root migration was evident at the two year follow up. Conclusion. MGC may be a good alternative, especially in cases with periodontal defects on the distal of MSM. It may also help to minimize inadvertent intraoperative root removal and postoperative root migration. Michael Leizerovitz and Olga Leizerovitz Copyright © 2013 Michael Leizerovitz and Olga Leizerovitz. All rights reserved. Mon, 22 Apr 2013 10:48:55 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/796242/ Ankylosis is a condition frequently associated with primary molars, wherein the ankylosed primary teeth remain in a fixed position, while the adjacent teeth continue to erupt, moving occlusally. In this case report, a five-year-old boy, who had a retained and submerged left lower second primary molar, was presented. Luxation of ankylosed primary molar was considered as a treatment approach. After four months, the tooth erupted to the occlusal level, and there was evidence of further development of a permanent successor in radiographic evaluation. After one year, tooth mobility, bone formation, and development of a permanent successor were in good condition. Iman Parisay, Fatemeh Kebriaei, Bentolhoda Varkesh, Milad Soruri, and Roya Ghafourifard Copyright © 2013 Iman Parisay et al. All rights reserved. Tue, 16 Apr 2013 14:47:49 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/876503/ Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare lesion found mostly in children and young adults and originates from the lung, abdominopelvic region, and retroperitoneum. Clinical manifestations of IMT or imaging are nonspecific and diagnosis is based on histopathological and immunohistochemical findings. Minority of all IMTs will metastasize. IMT in the oral cavity is an extreme rarity and this is a first case report of IMT in maxilla causing delayed tooth eruption and multiple cervical root resorption with an 11-year-old child. The IMT reported here was positive for smooth muscle actin, vimentin, and anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK1) with immunohistochemistry. Only three IMTs of the jaws have been reported so far and none of them had delayed root eruption and tooth resorption. This unusual case of IMT in a child was also ALK1- positive supporting neoplastic origin of her tumor. The case presented here underscores the importance of histopathological examination of the tissue found in any root resorption especially in the case of multiple resorptions. Jaana Rautava, Tero Soukka, Esko Peltonen, Petri Nurmenniemi, Markku Kallajoki, and Stina Syrjänen Copyright © 2013 Jaana Rautava et al. All rights reserved. Mon, 15 Apr 2013 10:13:09 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/891849/ Endodontic treatment of mandibular molars is challenging because of variable root canal morphology. The nonsurgical endodontic management of a mandibular first molar presenting an independent middle mesial canal is reported. After coronal access, additional clinical inspection of the mesial canals’ orifices and their interconnecting groove using an endodontic explorer and 4.5× loupes enabled the identification of the middle mesial canal orifice. All root canals were chemomechanically prepared and filled. The tooth was asymptomatic and functional after 4 years of followup. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images revealed normal periapical status and three-dimensional (3D) anatomical aspects of the root canal system. Adrianne Freire de Paula, Manoel Brito-Júnior, Alex Carvalho Quintino, Carla Cristina Camilo, Antônio Miranda Cruz-Filho, and Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto Copyright © 2013 Adrianne Freire de Paula et al. All rights reserved. Mon, 08 Apr 2013 10:10:33 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/854062/ Implant therapy is now well established, and there is an increasing need for shorter rehabilitation time. Original prerequisites of osseointegration have been reassessed to satisfy continuously increasing patient's expectation of reduced treatment time, improved esthetics, and increased comfort. Shorter healing time may be appropriate in some circumstances, and examples of early loading have been reported in animal and human studies. However, to date there are insufficient data to determine a universally acceptable opinion on early loading of implants for single-tooth replacement. This case report involves early loading, combined with construction of a restoration, inserted directly after 6 weeks of implant surgery and followup of one year. Amol Beldar, Manohar L. Bhongade, Girish Byakod, and Chandrashekar Buregoni Copyright © 2013 Amol Beldar et al. All rights reserved. Mon, 08 Apr 2013 09:47:36 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/187820/ Ameloblastoma is a slow-growing benign neoplasm that has a strong tendency to local invasion and that can grow to be quite large without metastasizing. Rare examples of distant metastasis of an ameloblastoma in lungs or regional lymph nodes do exist. It has an aggressive and recurrent course and is rarely metastatic. Radiographically it shares common features with other lesions such as the giant cell tumor, aneurysmal bone cyst, and renal cell carcinoma metastasis; a definitive diagnosis can only be made with histopathology. Basal cell ameloblastoma is believed to be the rarest histologic subtype in which the tumor is composed of more primitive cells and has even fewer features of peripheral palisading. Till date, only few cases of basal cell ameloblastoma have been reported in the literature. Considering the rarity of the lesion, we report here an interesting and unique case of basal cell ameloblastoma of the mandible occurring in a very old patient. Hemant Shakya, Vikram Khare, Nilesh Pardhe, Ena Mathur, and Mansi Chouhan Copyright © 2013 Hemant Shakya et al. All rights reserved. Sun, 31 Mar 2013 15:20:31 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/714585/ Management of a tooth with open apex is a challenge to the dental practitioners. Evaluation of the periapical healing is required in such cases by radiographic techniques. The objective of this paper was to assess the healing of a periapical lesion in a non-vital tooth with open apex treated with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) obturation using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). The endodontic treatment of a fractured non-vital discolored maxillary left lateral incisor with an open apex was done with MTA obturation. The clinical and radiographic followup done regularly showed that the tooth was clinically asymptomatic and that the size of the periapical lesion observed by intraoral periapical (IOPA) radiographs and CBCT was decreased remarkably after two years. CBCT and IOPA radiographs were found to be useful radiographic tools to assess the healing of a large periapical lesion in a non-vital tooth with open apex managed by MTA obturation. Vijay Shekhar and K. Shashikala Copyright © 2013 Vijay Shekhar and K. Shashikala. All rights reserved. Sun, 31 Mar 2013 11:49:24 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/797286/ Despite the advantages of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), the images provided by this diagnostic tool can produce artifacts and compromise accurate diagnostic assessment. This paper describes an endodontic treatment of a maxillary molar where CBCT images suggested the presence of a nonexistent third root canal in the palatal root. An endodontic treatment was performed in a first maxillary molar with palatal canals, and the tooth was restored with a cast metal crown. The patient returned four years later presenting with a discomfort in chewing, which was reduced after occlusal adjustment. CBCT was prescribed to verify additional diagnostic information. Axial scans on coronal, middle, and apical palatal root sections showed images similar to a third root canal. However, sagittal scans demonstrated that these images were artifacts caused by root canal fillings. A careful interpretation of CBCT images in root-filled teeth must be done to avoid mistakes in treatment. Carla Cristina Camilo, Manoel Brito-Júnior, André Luis Faria-e-Silva, Alex Carvalho Quintino, Adrianne Freire de Paula, Antônio Miranda Cruz-Filho, and Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto Copyright © 2013 Carla Cristina Camilo et al. All rights reserved. Sun, 31 Mar 2013 09:53:53 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/750107/ Mesiodens is a midline supernumerary tooth commonly seen in the maxillary arch, and incidence of molariform mesiodens in the maxillary midline is rare in permanent dentition and extremely uncommon in primary dentition. A midline supernumerary tooth in the primary dentition can cause ectopic or delayed eruption of permanent central incisors which will further alter occlusion and may compromise esthetics and formation of dentigerous cysts. This paper reports a rare case of the presence of a molariform mesiodens in the primary dentition. On clinical and radiographic examination, flaring of the primary central incisors was seen, with a molariform mesiodens consisting of multiple lobes or tubercles on the occlusal surface with the well-formed root. The treatment plan consisted of the extraction of the supernumerary tooth and regular observation of permanent central incisors for proper eruption and alignment. Sachin B. Mangalekar, Tajammul Ahmed, M. Zakirulla, Halawar Sangmesh Shivappa, F. B. Bheemappa, and Chandrashekar Yavagal Copyright © 2013 Sachin B. Mangalekar et al. All rights reserved. Wed, 27 Mar 2013 17:23:10 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/697671/ The purpose of this paper is to present the first case of unusual reverse oblique (110 degrees to midsagittal plane) migration of mandibular right canine crossing the jaw midline and piercing the lower border of the mandible at the level of the opposite canine and also to report two more cases of transmigrated mandibular canine and one case of transmigrating mandibular canine. Mandibular canines are “cornerstone” of dental arch; their importance is manifested by their efficiency in masticatory function, stability of dental arch, and aid in maintaining natural facial expression. Early detection of this anomaly can help preserving these canines by orthodontic intervention or by surgical transplantation. This developmental anomaly is properly diagnosed by radiographic evaluation, which is primarily based on the panoramic radiograph. In patients with overretained deciduous canines or missing permanent canines, an intraoral radiograph should be supplemented with panoramic radiograph. This paper discusses the importance of early diagnosis of canine transmigration in treatment planning and reviews the various possible treatment options. N. Umashree, Avinash Kumar, and Tejavathi Nagaraj Copyright © 2013 N. Umashree et al. All rights reserved. Wed, 27 Mar 2013 14:50:11 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/513153/ Gingival enlargements are quite common and may be either inflammatory, noninflammatory, or a combination of both. Gingival hyperplasia is a bizarre condition causing esthetic, functional, psychological, and masticatory disturbances of the oral cavity. Causes of gingival enlargement can be due to plaque accumulation, due to poor oral hygiene, inadequate nutrition, or systemic hormonal stimulation (Bakaeen and Scully, 1998). It can occur as an isolated disease or as part of a syndrome or chromosomal abnormality. A progressive fibrous enlargement of the gingiva is a facet of idiopathic fibrous hyperplasia of the gingiva (Carranza and Hogan, 2002; Gorlin et al., 1976). It is described variously as fibromatosis gingivae, gingivostomatitis, hereditary gingival fibromatosis, idiopathic fibromatosis, familial elephantiasis, and diffuse fibroma. We present a case of idiopathic gingival fibromatosis with its multidisciplinary approach of management. Mahesh Jayachandran, Shalini Kapoor, and Rethi Mahesh Copyright © 2013 Mahesh Jayachandran et al. All rights reserved. Sun, 24 Mar 2013 13:43:26 +0000 http://www.hindawi.com/crim/dentistry/2013/745602/ Aplasia of condyle is very rare, when this condition not seen as a part of a syndrome. We report a case of condylar aplasia on the right side and hypoplasia on the left side in a 21-year-old female. The patient reported to the department with a chief complaint of underdeveloped lower jaw. Clinical examination, conventional radiographs, and 3D CBCT images revealed complete absence of condyle on the right side and hypoplasia on the left side. Peeyush Shivhare, Lata Shankarnarayan, Usha, Mahesh Kumar, and Malliger Basavaraju Sowbhagya Copyright © 2013 Peeyush Shivhare et al. All rights reserved.