Table 1: Performance evaluation criteria.
Evaluation criteriaEquation
Coefficient of correlation (R) ∑ 𝑅 = 𝑛 𝑖 = 1 ( 𝑦 𝑜 𝑖 − 𝑦 𝑜 ) ( 𝑦 𝑐 𝑖 − 𝑦 𝑐 ) ∑ 𝑛 𝑖 = 1 ( 𝑦 𝑜 𝑖 − 𝑦 𝑜 ) 2 ∑ 𝑛 𝑖 = 1 ( 𝑦 𝑐 𝑖 − 𝑦 𝑐 ) 2
Coefficient of efficiency (E) ∑ 𝐸 = 1 − 𝑛 𝑖 = 1 ( 𝑦 𝑜 𝑖 − 𝑦 𝑐 𝑖 ) 2 ∑ 𝑛 𝑖 = 1 ( 𝑦 𝑜 𝑖 − 𝑦 𝑜 ) 2
Root-mean-square error (RMSE) R M S E = ∑ 𝑛 𝑖 = 1 ( 𝑦 𝑜 𝑖 − 𝑦 𝑐 𝑖 ) 2 𝑛
Mean bias error (MBE)  1 M B E = 𝑛 𝑛 ∑ 𝑖 = 1 ( 𝑦 𝑐 𝑖 − 𝑦 𝑜 𝑖 )
Percentage relative error (RE) R E = ( 𝑦 𝑜 − 𝑦 𝑐 ) 𝑦 𝑜 ∗ 1 0 0
Percentage mean absolute relative error (MARE) 1 M A R E = 𝑛 𝑛 ∑ 𝑖 = 1 | R E |