Journal Menu
- About this Journal
- Abstracting and Indexing
- Aims and Scope
- Article Processing Charges
- Articles in Press
- Author Guidelines
- Bibliographic Information
- Citations to this Journal
- Contact Information
- Editorial Board
- Editorial Workflow
- Free eTOC Alerts
- Publication Ethics
- Submit a Manuscript
- Table of Contents
ISRN Cardiology
Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 269680, 15 pages
doi:10.5402/2012/269680
Review Article
Computational Cardiology: The Heart of the Matter
Department of Biomedical Engineering and Institute for Computational Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Hackerman Hall Room 216, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
Received 16 August 2012; Accepted 6 September 2012
Academic Editors: T. Ohe and A. Szekely
Copyright © 2012 Natalia A. Trayanova. This is an open access paper distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Linked References
- D. Noble, “Modeling the heart—from genes to cells to the whole organ,” Science, vol. 295, no. 5560, pp. 1678–1682, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- N. A. Trayanova, “Whole-heart modeling : applications to cardiac electrophysiology and electromechanics,” Circulation Research, vol. 108, no. 1, pp. 113–128, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- E. Vigmond, F. Vadakkumpadan, V. Gurev et al., “Towards predictive modelling of the electrophysiology of the heart,” Experimental Physiology, vol. 94, no. 5, pp. 563–577, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. H. Clayton, “Vortex filament dynamics in computational models of ventricular fibrillation in the heart,” Chaos, vol. 18, no. 4, Article ID 043127, 12 pages, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- K. H. W. J. ten Tusscher, R. Hren, and A. V. Panfilov, “Organization of ventricular fibrillation in the human heart,” Circulation Research, vol. 100, no. 12, pp. e87–e101, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. Garfinkel, Y. H. Kim, O. Voroshilovsky et al., “Preventing ventricular fibrillation by flattening cardiac restitution,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 97, no. 11, pp. 6061–6066, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- O. Bernus, B. van Eyck, H. Verschelde, and A. V. Panfilov, “Transition from ventricular fibrillation to ventricular tachycardia: a simulation study on the role of Ca2+-channel blockers in human ventricular tissue,” Physics in Medicine and Biology, vol. 47, no. 23, pp. 4167–4179, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- B. Echebarria and A. Karma, “Mechanisms for initiation of cardiac discordant alternans,” European Physical Journal, vol. 146, no. 1, pp. 217–231, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- E. M. Cherry and F. H. Fenton, “Suppression of alternans and conduction blocks despite steep APD restitution: electrotonic, memory, and conduction velocity restitution effects,” American Journal of Physiology, vol. 286, no. 6, pp. H2332–H2341, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. H. Keldermann, K. H. W. J. ten Tusscher, M. P. Nash et al., “A computational study of mother rotor VF in the human ventricles,” American Journal of Physiology, vol. 296, no. 2, pp. H370–H379, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. H. Keldermann, K. H. W. J. ten Tusscher, M. P. Nash, R. Hren, P. Taggart, and A. V. Panfilov, “Effect of heterogeneous APD restitution on VF organization in a model of the human ventricles,” American Journal of Physiology, vol. 294, no. 2, pp. H764–H774, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- K. S. McDowell, H. J. Arevalo, M. M. Maleckar, and N. A. Trayanova, “Susceptibility to arrhythmia in the infarcted heart depends on myofibroblast density,” Biophysical Journal, vol. 101, no. 6, pp. 1307–1315, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- R. Bordas, K. Gillow, Q. Lou et al., “Rabbit-specific ventricular model of cardiac electrophysiological function including specialized conduction system,” Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, vol. 107, no. 1, pp. 90–100, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. Deo, P. M. Boyle, A. M. Kim, and E. J. Vigmond, “Arrhythmogenesis by single ectopic beats originating in the Purkinje system,” American Journal of Physiology, vol. 299, no. 4, pp. H1002–H1011, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. Jie and N. A. Trayanova, “Mechanisms for initiation of reentry in acute regional ischemia phase 1B,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 379–386, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. Jie, B. Rodríguez, J. R. de Groot, R. Coronel, and N. Trayanova, “Reentry in survived subepicardium coupled to depolarized and inexcitable midmyocardium: insights into arrhythmogenesis in ischemia phase 1B,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 5, no. 7, pp. 1036–1044, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- X. Jie, V. Gurev, and N. Trayanova, “Mechanisms of mechanically induced spontaneous arrhythmias in acute regional ischemia,” Circulation Research, vol. 106, no. 1, pp. 185–192, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- F. Vadakkumpadan, H. Arevalo, A. J. Prassl et al., “Image-based models of cardiac structure in health and disease,” Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 489–506, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. J. Bishop, G. Plank, R. A. B. Burton et al., “Development of an anatomically detailed MRI-derived rabbit ventricular model and assessment of its impact on simulations of electrophysiological function,” American Journal of Physiology, vol. 298, no. 2, pp. H699–H718, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- W. G. Stevenson, P. Brugada, and B. Waldecker, “Clinical, angiographic, and electrophysiologic findings in patients with aborted sudden death as compared with patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia after myocardial infarction,” Circulation, vol. 71, no. 6, pp. 1146–1152, 1985. View at Scopus
- M. Pop, M. Sermesant, T. Mansi, E. Crystal, S. Ghate, J. Peyrat, et al., “Correspondence between simple 3-D MRI-based computer models and in-vivo EP measurements in swine with chronic infarctions,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 58, no. 12, pp. 3483–3486, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- H. Arevalo, G. Plank, P. Helm, H. Halperin, and N. Trayanova, “Volume of peri-infarct zone determines arrhythmogenesis in infarcted heart,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 6, no. 5, pp. S232–S233, 2009.
- H. Arevalo, H. Estner, C. Park, H. Halperin, and N. Trayanova, “In-vivo MRI-based models of infarct- related ventricular tachycardia successfully predict optimal ablation site,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 9, no. 5, p. S181, 2012.
- H. Ashikaga, H. Arevalo, F. Vadakkumpadan, R. Blake, R. Berger, H. Calkins, et al., “MRI-based patient-specific virtual electrophysiology laboratory for scar-related ventricular tachycardia,” Circulation, vol. 124, p. A541, 2011.
- J. Ng, J. T. Jacobson, J. K. Ng, D. Gordon, D. C. Lee, J. C. Carr, et al., “Virtual electrophysiological study in a 3-dimensional cardiac magnetic resonance imaging model of porcine myocardial infarction,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 60, no. 5, pp. 423–430, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- J. Relan, P. Chinchapatnam, M. Sermesant, K. Rhode, M. Ginks, H. Delingette, et al., “Coupled personalization of cardiac electrophysiology models for prediction of ischaemic ventricular tachycardia,” Interface Focus, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 396–407, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- F. Vadakkumpadan, H. Arevalo, C. Ceritoglu, M. Miller, and N. Trayanova, “Image-based estimation of ventricular fiber orientations for personalized modeling of cardiac electrophysiology,” IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 1051–1060, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- J. D. Bayer, R. C. Blake, G. Plank, and N. A. Trayanova, “A novel rule-based algorithm for assigning myocardial fiber orientation to computational heart models,” Annals of Biomedical Engineering, vol. 40, no. 10, pp. 2243–2254, 2012.
- R. L. Winslow, N. Trayanova, D. Geman, and MI. Miller, “Computational medicine: translating models to clinical care,” Science Translational Medicine, vol. 4, no. 158, p. 158rv11, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- N. Virag, V. Jacquemet, C. S. Henriquez et al., “Study of atrial arrhythmias in a computer model based on magnetic resonance images of human atria,” Chaos, vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 754–763, 2002. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- E. S. Di Martino, C. Bellini, and D. S. Schwartzman, “In vivo porcine left atrial wall stress: computational model,” Journal of Biomechanics, vol. 44, no. 15, pp. 2589–2594, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- G. Seemann, C. Höper, F. B. Sachse, O. Dössel, A. V. Holden, and H. Zhang, “Heterogeneous three-dimensional anatomical and electrophysiological model of human atria,” Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A, vol. 364, no. 1843, pp. 1465–1481, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. Freudenberg, T. Schiemann, U. Tiede, and K. H. Höhne, “Simulation of cardiac excitation patterns in a three-dimensional anatomical heart atlas,” Computers in Biology and Medicine, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 191–205, 2000. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- V. M. Spitzer and D. G. Whitlock, “The visible human dataset: the anatomical platform for human simulation,” The Anatomical Record, vol. 253, no. 2, pp. 49–57, 1998.
- S. Kharche, C. J. Garratt, M. R. Boyett et al., “Atrial proarrhythmia due to increased inward rectifier current (IK1) arising from KCNJ2 mutation—a simulation study,” Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, vol. 98, no. 2-3, pp. 186–197, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. E. Ridler, M. Lee, D. McQueen, C. Peskin, and E. Vigmond, “Arrhythmogenic consequences of action potential duration gradients in the atria,” Canadian Journal of Cardiology, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 112–119, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. Kneller, R. Q. Zou, E. J. Vigmond, Z. G. Wang, L. J. Leon, and S. Nattel, “Cholinergic atrial fibrillation in a computer model of a two-dimensional sheet of canine atrial cells with realistic ionic properties,” Circulation Research, vol. 90, no. 9, pp. E73–E87, 2002. View at Scopus
- V. Jacquemet, “Pacemaker activity resulting from the coupling with nonexcitable cells,” Physical Review E, vol. 74, no. 1, part 1, Article ID 011908, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- N. Kuijpers, H. ten Eikelder, and S. Verheule, “Atrial anatomy influences onset and termination of atrial fibrillation: a computer model study,” in Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart (FIMH '09), vol. 5528 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 285–294, Nice, France, June 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- T. Krogh-Madsen, G. W. Abbott, and D. J. Christini, “Effects of electrical and structural remodeling on atrial fibrillation maintenance: a simulation study,” PLOS Computational Biology, vol. 8, no. 2, Article ID e1002390, 2012.
- E. J. Vigmond, N. A. Trayanova, and R. A. Malkin, “Excitation of a cardiac muscle fiber by extracellularly applied sinusoidal current,” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, vol. 12, no. 10, pp. 1145–1153, 2001. View at Scopus
- E. J. Vigmond, V. Tsoi, S. Kuo et al., “The effect of vagally induced dispersion of action potential duration on atrial arrhythmogenesis,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 334–344, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. Rotter, L. Dang, V. Jacquemet, N. Virag, L. Kappenberger, and M. Haïssaguerre, “Impact of varying ablation patterns in a simulation model of persistent atrial fibrillation,” Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology, vol. 30, no. 3, pp. 314–321, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- P. Ruchat, L. Dang, J. Schlaepfer, N. Virag, L. K. von Segesser, and L. Kappenberger, “Use of a biophysical model of atrial fibrillation in the interpretation of the outcome of surgical ablation procedures,” European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 90–95, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- P. Ruchat, L. Dang, N. Virag, J. Schlaepfer, L. K. von Segesser, and L. Kappenberger, “A biophysical model of atrial fibrillation to define the appropriate ablation pattern in modified maze,” European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 65–69, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- V. Jacquemet, A. van Oosterom, J. M. Vesin, and L. Kappenberger, “Analysis of electrocardiograms during atrial fibrillation,” IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine, vol. 25, no. 6, pp. 79–88, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- E. J. Vigmond and L. J. Leon, “Electrophysiological basis of mono-phasic action potential recordings,” Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing, vol. 37, no. 3, pp. 359–365, 1999. View at Scopus
- E. J. Vigmond, V. Tsoi, Y. Yin, P. Pagé, and A. Vinet, “Estimating atrial action potential duration from electrograms,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 1546–1555, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- V. Jacquemet and C. S. Henriquez, “Genesis of complex fractionated atrial electrograms in zones of slow conduction: a computer model of microfibrosis,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 803–810, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- M. W. Krueger, S. Severi, K. Rhode et al., “Alterations of atrial electrophysiology related to hemodialysis session: insights from a multiscale computer model,” Journal of Electrocardiology, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 176–183, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- K. M. Lim, S. B. Hong, J. W. Jeon, M. S. Gyung, B. H. Ko, S. K. Bae, et al., “Predicting the optimal position and direction of a ubiquitous ECG using a multi-scale model of cardiac electrophysiology,” in Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC '11), pp. 993–996, Boston, Mass, USA, September 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- R. MacLeod, J. Blauer, E. Kholmovski, R. Ranjan, N. Marrouche, N. Trayanova, et al., “Subject specific, image based analysis and modeling in patients with atrial fibrillation from MRI,” in Proceedings of the 9th IEEE International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging (ISBI '12), ISBI Meeting Proceedings, p. 1364, Barcelona, Spain, May 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- K. S. McDowell, F. Vadakkumpadan, R. C. Blake, J. Blauerb, G. Plank, R. S. MacLeod, et al., “Methodology for patient-specific modeling of atrial fibrosis as a substrate for atrial fibrillation,” Journal of Electrocardiology, vol. 45, no. 6, pp. 640–645, 2012.
- J. Constantino, Y. Hu, and N. A. Trayanova, “A computational approach to understanding the cardiac electromechanical activation sequence in the normal and failing heart, with translation to the clinical practice of CRT,” Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, vol. 110, no. 2-3, pp. 372–379, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- V. Gurev, T. Lee, J. Constantino, H. Arevalo, and N. A. Trayanova, “Models of cardiac electromechanics based on individual hearts imaging data: image-based electromechanical models of the heart,” Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 295–306, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. C. P. Kerckhoffs, A. D. McCulloch, J. H. Omens, and L. J. Mulligan, “Effect of pacing site and infarct location on regional mechanics and global hemodynamics in a model based study of heart failure,” in Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Functional Imaging and Modeling of the Heart (FIMH '07), vol. 4466 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 350–360, June 2007. View at Scopus
- R. C. P. Kerckhoffs, A. D. McCulloch, J. H. Omens, and L. J. Mulligan, “Effects of biventricular pacing and scar size in a computational model of the failing heart with left bundle branch block,” Medical Image Analysis, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 362–369, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. A. Niederer, G. Plank, P. Chinchapatnam et al., “Length-dependent tension in the failing heart and the efficacy of cardiac resynchronization therapy,” Cardiovascular Research, vol. 89, no. 2, pp. 336–343, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. C. P. Kerckhoffs, J. Lumens, K. Vernooy et al., “Cardiac resynchronization: insight from experimental and computational models,” Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, vol. 97, no. 2-3, pp. 543–561, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. A. Niederer, A. K. Shetty, G. Plank, J. Bostock, R. Razavi, N. P. Smith, et al., “Biophysical modeling to simulate the response to multisite left ventricular stimulation using a quadripolar pacing lead,” Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 204–214, 2011.
- S. A. Niederer, A. K. Shetty, G. Plank, J. Bostock, R. Razavi, N. P. Smith, et al., “Biophysical modeling to simulate the response to multisite left ventricular stimulation using a quadripolar pacing lead,” Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology, vol. 35, no. 2, pp. 204–214, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- J. Aguado-Sierra, A. Krishnamurthy, C. Villongco, J. Chuang, E. Howard, M. J. Gonzales, et al., “Patient-specific modeling of dyssynchronous heart failure: a case study,” Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, vol. 107, no. 1, pp. 147–155, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- M. Sermesant, R. Chabiniok, P. Chinchapatnam, T. Mansi, F. Billet, P. Moireau, et al., “Patient-specific electromechanical models of the heart for the prediction of pacing acute effects in CRT: a preliminary clinical validation,” Medical Image Analysis, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 201–215, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- P. Lamata, S. Niederer, D. Nordsletten et al., “An accurate, fast and robust method to generate patient-specific cubic Hermite meshes,” Medical Image Analysis, vol. 15, no. 6, pp. 801–813, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. Constantino, Y. Long, T. Ashihara, and N. A. Trayanova, “Tunnel propagation following defibrillation with ICD shocks: hidden postshock activations in the left ventricular wall underlie isoelectric window,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 953–961, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. D. Moreno, Z. I. Zhu, P. C. Yang, J. R. Bankston, M. T. Jeng, C. Kang, et al., “A computational model to predict the effects of class I anti-arrhythmic drugs on ventricular rhythms,” Science Translational Medicine, vol. 3, no. 98, p. 98ra83, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- C. Anderson and N. A. Trayanova, “Success and failure of biphasic shocks: results of bidomain simulations,” Mathematical Biosciences, vol. 174, no. 2, pp. 91–109, 2001. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- H. Arevalo, B. Rodriguez, and N. Trayanova, “Arrhythmogenesis in the heart: multiscale modeling of the effects of defibrillation shocks and the role of electrophysiological heterogeneity,” Chaos, vol. 17, no. 1, Article ID 015103, 13 pages, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- T. Ashihara and N. A. Trayanova, “Asymmetry in membrane responses to electric shocks: insights from bidomain simulations,” Biophysical Journal, vol. 87, no. 4, pp. 2271–2282, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. W. Bourn, R. A. Gray, and N. A. Trayanova, “Characterization of the relationship between preshock state and virtual electrode polarization-induced propagated graded responses resulting in arrhythmia induction,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 3, no. 5, pp. 583–595, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- E. Entcheva, N. A. Trayanova, and F. J. Claydon, “Patterns of and mechanisms for shock-induced polarization in the heart: a bidomain analysis,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 46, no. 3, pp. 260–270, 1999. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. E. Lindblom, B. J. Roth, and N. A. Trayanova, “Role of virtual electrodes in arrhythmogenesis: pinwheel experiment revisited,” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 274–285, 2000. View at Scopus
- B. Rodríguez, J. C. Eason, and N. Trayanova, “Differences between left and right ventricular anatomy determine the types of reentrant circuits induced by an external electric shock. A rabbit heart simulation study,” Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, vol. 90, no. 1–3, pp. 399–413, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- B. Rodríguez, L. Li, J. C. Eason, I. R. Efimov, and N. A. Trayanova, “Differences between left and right ventricular chamber geometry affect cardiac vulnerability to electric shocks,” Circulation Research, vol. 97, no. 2, pp. 168–175, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- N. Trayanova, K. Skouibine, and P. Moore, “Virtual electrode effects in defibrillation,” Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology, vol. 69, no. 2-3, pp. 387–403, 1998. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- N. Trayanova, J. Constantino, T. Ashihara, and G. Plank, “Modeling defibrillation of the heart: approaches and insights,” IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering, vol. 4, pp. 89–102, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- T. Ashihara, J. Constantino, and N. A. Trayanova, “Tunnel propagation of postshock activations as a hypothesis for fibrillation induction and isoelectric window,” Circulation Research, vol. 102, no. 6, pp. 737–745, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- B. Rodríguez, B. Tice, R. Blake, D. Gavaghan, and N. Trayanova, “Vulnerability to electric shocks in the regionally-ischemic ventricles,” in Proceedings of the 28th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBS '06), vol. 1, pp. 2280–2283, New York, NY, USA, September 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- B. Rodríguez, B. M. Tice, J. C. Eason, F. Aguel, J. M. Ferrero Jr., and N. Trayanova, “Effect of acute global ischemia on the upper limit of vulnerability: a simulation study,” American Journal of Physiology, vol. 286, no. 6, pp. H2078–H2088, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- L. J. Rantner, H. J. Arevalo, J. L. Constantino, I. R. Efimov, G. Plank, and N. A. Trayanova, “Three-dimensional mechanisms of increased vulnerability to electric shocks in myocardial infarction: altered virtual electrode polarizations and conduction delay in the peri-infarct zone,” The Journal of Physiology, vol. 590, part 18, pp. 4537–4551, 2012.
- N. Trayanova, V. Gurev, J. Constantino, and Y. Hu, “Mathematical models of ventricular mechano-electric coupling and arrhythmia,” in Cardiac Mechano-Electric Feedback and Arrhythmias, P. Kohl, F. Sachs, and M. R. Franz, Eds., pp. 258–268, 2011.
- H. Tandri, S. H. Weinberg, K. C. Chang, R. Zhu, N. A. Trayanova, L. Tung, et al., “Reversible cardiac conduction block and defibrillation with high-frequency electric field,” Science Translational Medicine, vol. 3, no. 102, p. 102ra96, 2011.
- P. J. Schwartz, S. G. Priori, C. Spazzolini et al., “Genotype-phenotype correlation in the long-QT syndrome: gene-specific triggers for life-threatening arrhythmias,” Circulation, vol. 103, no. 1, pp. 89–95, 2001. View at Scopus
- M. Perry, F. B. Sachse, and M. C. Sanguinetti, “Structural basis of action for a human ether-a-go-go-related gene 1 potassium channel activator,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 104, no. 34, pp. 13827–13832, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- H. Sale, J. Wang, T. J. O'Hara et al., “Physiological properties of hERG 1a/1b heteromeric currents and a hERG 1b-specific mutation associated with long-QT syndrome,” Circulation Research, vol. 103, no. 7, pp. e81–e95, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- P. S. Spector, M. E. Curran, M. T. Keating, and M. C. Sanguinetti, “Class III antiarrhythmic drugs block HERG, a human cardiac delayed rectifier K+ channel open-channel block by methanesulfonanilides,” Circulation Research, vol. 78, no. 3, pp. 499–503, 1996. View at Scopus
- C. E. Clancy, Z. I. Zhu, and Y. Rudy, “Pharmacogenetics and anti-arrhythmic drug therapy: a theoretical investigation,” American Journal of Physiology, vol. 292, no. 1, pp. H66–H75, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- V. V. Nesterenko, A. C. Zygmunt, S. Rajamani, L. Belardinelli, and C. Antzelevitch, “Mechanisms of atrial-selective block of Na channels by ranolazine: II. Insights from a mathematical model,” American Journal of Physiology, vol. 301, no. 4, pp. H1615–H1624, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- C. Antzelevitch, L. Belardinelli, A. C. Zygmunt et al., “Electrophysiological effects of ranolazine, a novel antianginal agent with antiarrhythmic properties,” Circulation, vol. 110, no. 8, pp. 904–910, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. Burashnikov, J. M. Di Diego, A. C. Zygmunt, L. Belardinelli, and C. Antzelevitch, “Atrium-selective sodium channel block as a strategy for suppression of atrial fibrillation: differences in sodium channel inactivation between atria and ventricles and the role of ranolazine,” Circulation, vol. 116, no. 13, pp. 1449–1457, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- N. Morita, J. H. Lee, Y. Xie et al., “Suppression of re-entrant and multifocal ventricular fibrillation by the late sodium current blocker ranolazine,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 57, no. 3, pp. 366–375, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- B. Rodriguez, K. Burrage, D. Gavaghan, V. Grau, P. Kohl, and D. Noble, “The systems biology approach to drug development: application to toxicity assessment of cardiac drugs,” Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, vol. 88, no. 1, pp. 130–134, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. X. Sarkar and E. A. Sobie, “Regression analysis for constraining free parameters in electrophysiological models of cardiac cells,” PLoS Computational Biology, vol. 6, no. 9, Article ID e1000914, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. M. Roden and T. Yang, “Protecting the heart against arrhythmias: potassium current physiology and repolarization reserve,” Circulation, vol. 112, no. 10, pp. 1376–1378, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- T. O'Hara and Y. Rudy, “Quantitative comparison of cardiac ventricular myocyte electrophysiology and response to drugs in human and nonhuman species,” American Journal of Physiology, vol. 302, no. 5, pp. H1023–H1030, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- H. Nakamura, J. Kurokawa, C. X. Bai et al., “Progesterone regulates cardiac repolarization through a nongenomic pathway: an in vitro patch-clamp and computational modeling study,” Circulation, vol. 116, no. 25, pp. 2913–2922, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- P. C. Yang, J. Kurokawa, T. Furukawa, and C. E. Clancy, “Acute effects of sex steroid hormones on susceptibility to cardiac arrhythmias: a simulation study,” PLoS Computational Biology, vol. 6, no. 1, Article ID e1000658, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. P. Benson, M. Al-Owais, and A. V. Holden, “Quantitative prediction of the arrhythmogenic effects of de novo hERG mutations in computational models of human ventricular tissues,” European Biophysics Journal, vol. 40, no. 5, pp. 627–639, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. Ghosh, E. K. Rhee, J. N. Avari, P. K. Woodard, and Y. Rudy, “Cardiac memory in patients with Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome: noninvasive imaging of activation and repolarization before and after catheter ablation,” Circulation, vol. 118, no. 9, pp. 907–915, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- P. S. Cuculich, J. Zhang, Y. Wang, K. A. Desouza, R. Vijayakumar, P. K. Woodard, et al., “The electrophysiological cardiac ventricular substrate in patients after myocardial infarction: noninvasive characterization with electrocardiographic imaging,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 58, no. 18, pp. 1893–1902, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- S. Ghosh, J. N. A. Silva, R. M. Canham et al., “Electrophysiologic substrate and intraventricular left ventricular dyssynchrony in nonischemic heart failure patients undergoing cardiac resynchronization therapy,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 8, no. 5, pp. 692–699, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- Y. Wang, P. S. Cuculich, J. Zhang, K. A. Desouza, R. Vijayakumar, J. Chen, et al., “Noninvasive electroanatomic mapping of human ventricular arrhythmias with electrocardiographic imaging,” Science Translational Medicine, vol. 3, no. 98, p. 98ra84, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- P. S. Cuculich, Y. Wang, B. D. Lindsay et al., “Noninvasive characterization of epicardial activation in humans with diverse atrial fibrillation patterns,” Circulation, vol. 122, no. 14, pp. 1364–1372, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- P. M. van Dam, T. F. Oostendorp, A. C. Linnenbank, and A. van Oosterom, “Non-invasive imaging of cardiac activation and recovery,” Annals of Biomedical Engineering, vol. 37, no. 9, pp. 1739–1756, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- T. Berger, B. Pfeifer, F. F. Hanser et al., “Single-beat noninvasive imaging of ventricular endocardial and epicardial activation in patients undergoing CRT,” PLoS ONE, vol. 6, no. 1, Article ID e16255, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. Han, C. Liu, S. Pogwizd, and B. He, “Noninvasive three-dimensional cardiac activation imaging on a rabbit model,” in Proceedings of the Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC '09), pp. 3271–3273, September 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- T. Berger, G. Fischer, B. Pfeifer et al., “Single-beat noninvasive imaging of cardiac electrophysiology of ventricular pre-excitation,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 48, no. 10, pp. 2045–2052, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. V. Kalinin, “Iterative algorithm for the inverse problem of electrocardiography in a medium with piecewise-constant electrical conductivity,” Computational Mathematics and Modeling, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 30–34, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. Lai, C. Liu, M. D. Eggen, P. A. Iaizzo, and B. He, “Localization of endocardial ectopic activity by means of noninvasive endocardial surface current density reconstruction,” Physics in Medicine and Biology, vol. 56, no. 13, pp. 4161–4176, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. Han, S. M. Pogwizd, C. R. Killingsworth, and B. He, “Noninvasive imaging of three-dimensional cardiac activation sequence during pacing and ventricular tachycardia,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 8, no. 8, pp. 1266–1272, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. Han, S. M. Pogwizd, C. R. Killingsworth, and B. He, “Noninvasive reconstruction of the three-dimensional ventricular activation sequence during pacing and ventricular tachycardia in the canine heart,” American Journal of Physiology, vol. 302, no. 1, pp. H244–H252, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- A. V. Kalinin, “Iterative algorithm for the inverse problem of electrocardiography in a medium with piecewise-constant electrical conductivity,” Computational Mathematics and Modeling, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 30–34, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- L. A. Bokeriia, A. S. Revishvili, A. V. Kalinin, V. V. Kalinin, O. A. Liadzhina, and E. A. Fetisova, “Hardware-software system for noninvasive electrocardiographic examination of heart based on inverse problem of electrocardiography,” Meditsinskaia Tekhnika, no. 6, pp. 1–7, 2008. View at Scopus
- J. J. Goldberger, A. E. Buxton, M. Cain et al., “Risk stratification for arrhythmic sudden cardiac death: identifying the roadblocks,” Circulation, vol. 123, no. 21, pp. 2423–2430, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. L. Kuchar, C. W. Thorburn, and N. L. Sammel, “Prediction of serious arrhythmic events after myocardial infarction: signal-averaged electrocardiogram, Holter monitoring and radionuclide ventriculography,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 531–538, 1987. View at Scopus
- M. K. Das, B. Khan, S. Jacob, A. Kumar, and J. Mahenthiran, “Significance of a fragmented QRS complex versus a Q wave in patients with coronary artery disease,” Circulation, vol. 113, no. 21, pp. 2495–2501, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- D. S. Rosenbaum, L. E. Jackson, J. M. Smith, H. Garan, J. N. Ruskin, and R. J. Cohen, “Electrical alternans and vulnerability to ventricular arrhythmias,” The New England Journal of Medicine, vol. 330, no. 4, pp. 235–241, 1994. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- R. D. Berger, E. K. Kasper, K. L. Baughman, E. Marban, H. Calkins, and G. F. Tomaselli, “Beat-to-beat QT interval variability: novel evidence for repolarization lability in ischemic and nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy,” Circulation, vol. 96, no. 5, pp. 1557–1565, 1997. View at Scopus
- J. P. Couderc, W. Zareba, S. McNitt, P. Maison-Blanche, and A. J. Moss, “Repolarization variability in the risk stratification of MADIT II patients,” Europace, vol. 9, no. 9, pp. 717–723, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. M. Narayan, J. D. Bayer, G. Lalani, and N. A. Trayanova, “Action potential dynamics explain arrhythmic vulnerability in human heart failure. A clinical and modeling study implicating abnormal calcium handling,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 52, no. 22, pp. 1782–1792, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. D. Bayer, S. M. Narayan, G. G. Lalani, and N. A. Trayanova, “Rate-dependent action potential alternans in human heart failure implicates abnormal intracellular calcium handling,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 7, no. 8, pp. 1093–1101, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- A. N. Doshi and S. F. Idriss, “Effect of resistive barrier location on the relationship between T-wave alternans and cellular repolarization alternans: a 1-D modeling study,” Journal of Electrocardiology, vol. 43, no. 6, pp. 566–571, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. T. Zhao, A. P. Hill, A. Varghese et al., “Not all hERG pore domain mutations have a severe phenotype: G584S has an inactivation gating defect with mild phenotype compared to G572S, which has a dominant negative trafficking defect and a severe phenotype,” Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology, vol. 20, no. 8, pp. 923–930, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- C. Jons, J. O-Uchi, A. J. Moss, M. Reumann, J. J. Rice, I. Goldenberg, et al., “Use of mutant-specific ion channel characteristics for risk stratification of long QT syndrome patients,” Science Translational Medicine, vol. 3, no. 76, p. 76ra28, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- T. O'Hara and Y. Rudy, “Arrhythmia formation in subclinical (“silent”) long QT syndrome requires multiple insults: quantitative mechanistic study using the KCNQ1 mutation Q357R as example,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 275–282, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- X. Chen, Y. Hu, B. J. Fetics, R. D. Berger, and N. A. Trayanova, “Unstable QT interval dynamics precedes ventricular tachycardia onset in patients with acute myocardial infarction: a novel approach to detect instability in QT interval dynamics from clinical ECG,” Circulation, vol. 4, no. 6, pp. 858–866, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- S. M. Narayan, “T-wave alternans and the susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 269–281, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- Z. Qu, Y. Xie, A. Garfinkel, and J. N. Weiss, “T-wave alternans and arrhythmogenesis in cardiac diseases,” Frontiers in Physiology, vol. 1, p. 154, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- D. M. Bloomfield, J. T. Bigger, R. C. Steinman et al., “Microvolt T-wave alternans and the risk of death or sustained ventricular arrhythmias in patients with left ventricular dysfunction,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 456–463, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- S. H. Hohnloser, T. Ikeda, and R. J. Cohen, “Evidence regarding clinical use of microvolt T-wave alternans,” Heart Rhythm, vol. 6, no. 3, supplement, pp. S36–S44, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. N. Weiss, A. Karma, Y. Shiferaw, P. S. Chen, A. Garfinkel, and Z. Qu, “From pulsus to pulseless: the saga of cardiac alternans,” Circulation Research, vol. 98, no. 10, pp. 1244–1253, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. M. Pastore, S. D. Girouard, K. R. Laurita, F. G. Akar, and D. S. Rosenbaum, “Mechanism linking T-wave alternans to the genesis of cardiac fibrillation,” Circulation, vol. 99, no. 10, pp. 1385–1394, 1999. View at Scopus
- S. M. Narayan, M. R. Franz, G. Lalani, J. Kim, and A. Sastry, “T-wave alternans, restitution of human action potential duration, and outcome,” Journal of the American College of Cardiology, vol. 50, no. 25, pp. 2385–2392, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- J. N. Weiss, M. Nivala, A. Garfinkel, and Z. Qu, “Alternans and arrhythmias : from cell to heart,” Circulation Research, vol. 108, no. 1, pp. 98–112, 2011. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
- F. M. Merchant and A. A. Armoundas, “Role of substrate and triggers in the genesis of cardiac alternans, from the myocyte to the whole heart: implications for therapy,” Circulation, vol. 125, no. 3, pp. 539–549, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
- X. Chen and N. A. Trayanova, “A novel methodology for assessing the bounded-input bounded-output instability in QT interval dynamics: application to clinical ECG with ventricular tachycardia,” IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, vol. 59, no. 8, pp. 2111–2117, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar