International Scholarly Research Notices

Research Article

Urinary Bisphenol A Levels and Measures of Obesity: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003–2008

Table 3

Association between urinary bisphenol A and obesity (waist circumference: men ≥ 102 cm; women ≥ 88 cm).
Bisphenol A quartiles (ng/mL)Sample size (obesity %)Age, sex-adjusted OR (95% CI)*Multivariable-adjusted OR (95% CI)*†
Whole Population
 Quartile 1 (<1.10)1101 (46.1)1 (referent)1 (referent)
 Quartile 2 (1.10–2.10)885 (54.2)1.66 (1.25–2.19)1.63 (1.20–2.22)
 Quartile 3 (2.11–4.20)958 (53.1)1.71 (1.33–2.21)1.66 (1.28–2.14)
 Quartile 4 (>4.20)938 (52.2)1.72 (1.33–2.22)1.59 (1.21–2.09)
 P-trend<0.00010.0009
Men
 Quartile 1 (<1.10)451 (36.8)1 (referent)1 (referent)
 Quartile 2 (1.10–2.10)442 (46.1)1.58 (1.18–2.10)1.62 (1.18–2.23)
 Quartile 3 (2.11–4.20)478 (43.6)1.56 (1.07–2.27)1.55 (1.05–2.29)
 Quartile 4 (>4.20)457 (42.3)1.54 (1.11–2.15)1.56 (1.08–2.24)
 P-trend0.030.05
Women
 Quartile 1 (<1.10)650 (52.6)1 (referent)1 (referent)
 Quartile 2 (1.10–2.10)443 (62.2)1.67 (1.12–2.49)1.60 (1.03–2.48)
 Quartile 3 (2.11–4.20)480 (63.1)1.81 (1.31–2.50)1.74 (1.24–2.44)
 Quartile 4 (>4.20)481 (62.3)1.84 (1.27–2.69)1.64 (1.11–2.42)
 P-trend0.00050.005
Non-Hispanic whites
 Quartile 1 (<1.10)593 (47.4)1 (referent)1 (referent)
 Quartile 2 (1.10–2.10)431 (57.3)1.73 (1.23–2.42)1.69 (1.16–2.47)
 Quartile 3 (2.11–4.20)466 (52.9)1.57 (1.13–2.19)1.49 (1.06–2.09)
 Quartile 4 (>4.20)409 (52.2)1.61 (1.17–2.23)1.46 (1.03–2.06)
 P-trend0.0070.04
Non-Hispanic blacks
 Quartile 1 (<1.10)147 (53.9)1 (referent)1 (referent)
 Quartile 2 (1.10–2.10)148 (48.9)1.17 (0.74–1.84)1.21 (0.73–1.98)
 Quartile 3 (2.11–4.20)221 (64.4)2.10 (1.27–3.48)2.39 (1.39–4.12)
 Quartile 4 (>4.20)265 (55.0)1.34 (0.88–2.07)1.43 (0.92–2.22)
 P-trend0.120.07
Mexican Americans and others
 Quartile 1 (<1.10)361 (38.4)1 (referent)1 (referent)
 Quartile 2 (1.10–2.10)306 (46.1)1.64 (1.06–2.53)1.55 (0.98–2.46)
 Quartile 3 (2.11–4.20)271 (45.7)1.76 (1.03–2.99)1.72 (1.00–2.95)
 Quartile 4 (>4.20)264 (49.4)2.19 (1.36–3.53)2.05 (1.25–3.35)
 P-trend0.0010.003
*OR (95% CI): Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval)
†Adjusted for age (years), gender (male, female), race ethnicity (non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, Mexican Americans, and others), education categories (below high school, high school, above high school), smoking (never, former, current), alcohol intake (nondrinker, moderate drinker, heavy drinker), physical inactivity (absent, present), diabetes (absent, present), hypertension (absent, present), and total cholesterol (mg/dL).