Review Article
Risk of Cancer in Diabetes: The Effect of Metformin
Table 2
The potential explanations for the associations between the risk of all-cause and site-specific mortality in diabetes.
| (1) Increase in cell proliferation rate in the presence of hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia | | (2) Increase in cell permeability and changes in basement membranes caused by an increased level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) | | (3) Presence of diabetes related morbidities which may alter clinical decisions regarding the treatment for the cancer | | (4) Poorer response to the cancer treatment | | (5) Suboptimal cancer screening programs in diabetic patients | | (6) Excess mortality risk related to diabetes | |
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