Table 9: Some applications of natural biomaterials.

Application Natural biomaterial Artificial heart valves Bovine pericardium, Intact porcine aortic valves Hernia repair devices Porcine small intestinal submucosa, porcine urinary bladder mucosa, Porcine dermal grafts Sutures Catgut (porcine or bovine intestinal wall) and porcine dermal grafts Skin repair/wound care Dermal allograft, porcine small intestinal submucosa, and porcine dermal grafts Vascular prostheses Bovine ureter, porcine small intestinal submucosa, and Ovine arteries Urethral repair Porcine bladder Breast reconstruction Dermal allograft Ligament repair Dermal allograft, porcine small intestinal submucosa, and fetal bovine skin Spinal fusion/bone healing Bone allograft