| | Characteristics | All infants | BPD | | Cases | Controls | | OR* | |
95% CI | | | | |
| | Maternal characteristics | | | | | | | | | Mean age, (%) | | | | | | | | | <18 years | 15 (7.1) | 5 (7.8) | 10 (6.8) | | 1.08 | 0.38 | 3.08 | | 18–35 years | 173 (81.6) | 52 (81.3) | 121 (81.8) | 0.959 | 1.00 | | | | >35 years | 24 (11.3) | 7 (10.9) | 17 (11.5) | | 0.97 | 0.50 | 1.88 | | Type of delivery, (%) | | | | | | | | | Vaginal | 35 (16.5) | 12 (18.8) | 23 (15.5) | 0.563 | 1.00 | | | | Cesarean | 177 (83.5) | 52 (81.3) | 125 (84.5) | 0.86 | 0.51 | 1.43 | | Multiple gestation (%) | 22 (10.4) | 6 (9.4) | 16 (10.8) | 0.753 | 0.89 | 0.44 | 1.83 | | Antenatal steroids, (%) | 184 (86.8) | 56 (87.5) | 128 (86.5) | 0.072 | 1.32 | 0.63 | 2.75 | | PPROM, (%) | 76 (35.8) | 30 (46.9) | 46 (31.2) | 0.028 | 1.58 | 1.06 | 2.36 | | Duration of rupture of membranes, (%) | | | | | | | | | <24 h | 35 (46.1) | 12 (40.0) | 23 (50.0) | 0.275 | 1.00 | | | | 24–48 h | 14 (18.4) | 5 (16.7) | 9 (19.6) | 0.76 | 0.14 | 4.02 | | 48–72 h | 8 (10.5) | 2 (6.7) | 6 (13.0) | 1.76 | 0.52 | 5.94 | | >72 h | 19 (25.0) | 11 (36.7) | 8 (17.4) | 1.04 | 0.45 | 2.41 | | Chorio confirmed, (%) | 11 (5.2) | 4 (6.5) | 7 (4.7) | 0.647 | 1.22 | 0.54 | 2.74 | | Chorio confirmed or suspected, (%) | 39 (18.4) | 17 (26.6) | 22 (14.9) | 0.044 | 1.60 | 1.04 | 2.47 |
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