About this Journal Submit a Manuscript Table of Contents 
ISRN Polymer Science
Volume 2012 (2012), Article ID 463298, 7 pages
doi:10.5402/2012/463298
Research Article

Tuning the Mechanical Properties of Tapioca Starch by Plasticizers, Inorganic Fillers and Agrowaste-Based Fillers

Edwin Azwar and Minna Hakkarainen

Department of Fibre and Polymer Technology, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden

Received 21 March 2012; Accepted 10 April 2012

Academic Editors: C. De Rosa, B. Hazer, J. Puiggali, and C. T. Ratnam

Copyright © 2012 Edwin Azwar and Minna Hakkarainen. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Linked References

  1. L. Avérous, “Biodegradable multiphase systems based on plasticized starch: a review,” Journal of Macromolecular Science C, vol. 44, no. 3, pp. 231–274, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  2. L. Averous and N. Boquillon, “Biocomposites based on plasticized starch: thermal and mechanical behaviours,” Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 56, no. 2, pp. 111–122, 2004. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  3. N. Wang, X. Zhang, N. Han, and S. Bai, “Effect of citric acid and processing on the performance of thermoplastic starch/montmorillonite nano-composites,” Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 76, no. 1, pp. 68–73, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  4. K. Dean, L. Yu, and D. Y. Wu, “Preparation and characterization of melt-extruded thermoplastic starch/clay nanocomposites,” Composites Science and Technology, vol. 67, no. 3-4, pp. 413–421, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  5. Y. He, W. Kong, W. Wang et al., “Modified natural halloysite/potato starch composite films,” Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 87, pp. 2706–2711, 2012.
  6. J. A. Mbey, S. Hoppe, and F. Thomas, “Cassava starch-kaolinite composite film, effect of clay content and modification on film properties,” Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 88, pp. 213–222, 2012.
  7. C. Zeppa, F. Gouanvé, and E. Espuche, “Effect of a plasticizer on the structure of biodegradable starch/clay nanocomposites: thermal, water-sorption, and oxygen-barrier properties,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 112, no. 4, pp. 2044–2056, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  8. F. Chivrac, E. Pollet, P. Dole, and L. Avérous, “Starch-based nanobiocomposites: plasticizer impact on the montmorillonite exfoliation process,” Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 79, no. 4, pp. 941–947, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  9. J. K. Pandey and R. P. Singh, “Green nanocomposites from renewable resources: effect of plasticizer on the structure and material properties of clay-filled starch,” Starch/Staerke, vol. 57, no. 1, pp. 8–15, 2005. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  10. P. Kampeerapappun, D. Aht-ong, D. Pentrakoon, and K. Srikulkit, “Preparation of cassava starch/montmorillonite composite film,” Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 67, no. 2, pp. 155–163, 2007. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  11. K. M. Dean, M. D. Do, E. Petinakis, and L. Yu, “Key interactions in biodegradable thermoplastic starch/poly(vinyl alcohol)/montmorillonite micro- and nanocomposites,” Composites Science and Technology, vol. 68, no. 6, pp. 1453–1462, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  12. A. Ueberschaer, M. E. Cagiao, R. K. Bayer, S. Henning, and F. J. Baltá Calleja, “Micromechanical properties of injection-molded starch-wood particle composites,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science, vol. 100, no. 6, pp. 4893–4899, 2006. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  13. M. Morreale, R. Scaffaro, A. Maio, and F. P. La Mantia, “Effect of adding wood flour to the physical properties of a biodegradable polymer,” Composites Part A, vol. 39, no. 3, pp. 503–513, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  14. J. Duanmu, E. Kristofer Gamstedt, A. Pranovich, and A. Rosling, “Studies on mechanical properties of wood fiber reinforced cross-linked starch composites made from enzymatically degraded allylglycidyl ether-modified starch,” Composites Part A, vol. 41, no. 10, pp. 1409–1418, 2010. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  15. R. Zhao, P. Torley, and P. J. Halley, “Emerging biodegradable materials: starch- and protein-based bio-nanocomposites,” Journal of Materials Science, vol. 43, no. 9, pp. 3058–3071, 2008. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus
  16. A. E. S. Vercelheze, F. M. Fakhouri, L. H. Dall'Antônia et al., “Properties of baked foams based on cassava starch, sugarcane bagasse fibers and montmorillonite,” Carbohydrate Polymers, vol. 87, no. 2, pp. 1302–1310, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  17. E. Azwar, E. Vuorinen, and M. Hakkarainen, “Pyrolysis-GC-MS reveals important differences in hydrolytic degradation process of wood flour and rice bran filled polylactide composites,” Polymer Degradation and Stability, vol. 97, no. 3, pp. 281–287, 2012. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar
  18. N. L. Garcia, L. Ribba, A. Dufresne, M. I. Aranguren, and S. Goyanes, “Physico-Mechanical properties of biodegradable starch nanocomposites,” Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, vol. 294, no. 3, pp. 169–177, 2009. View at Publisher · View at Google Scholar · View at Scopus