Table 3: Sentinel lymph node positivity in patients diagnosed with pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) determined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining or immunohistochemistry (IHC).

Institution No. of patients Sentinel lymph node positivity in pure DCIS: by H&E or (IHC) European Institute of Oncology, Milan [3] 854 1.9% University of Padova, Italy [4] 102 1% Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, FL, USA [5] 195 13%: 6.5% by H&E; 6.5% by IHC Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, FL, USA [6] 559 5%: 1.5% by H&E, 3.5% by IHC University of Paris, France [7] 110 6% Sibley Memorial Hospital, Washington DC, USA [8] 110 7.2%: 3.6% by H&E; 3.6% by IHC Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center [9] 76 12% Acibadem University, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul (present study) 40 5%: 2.5% by H&E, 2.5% by IHC