Quark-Nova Explosion inside a Collapsar: Application to Gamma Ray Bursts

Figure 2

Final velocity (𝛽_𝑓Γ_𝑓; (4) of the combined mass of the envelope plus ejecta following collision. The four curves are for ejecta masses ranging from 10⁻⁵𝑀_⊙ to 10⁻²𝑀_⊙, left to right (all with a QN ejecta with Γ_𝑖=10). The transition from relativistic to non-relativistic bulk motion occurs at 𝛽_𝑓Γ_𝑓=1.