Analysis of ∼10⁶ Spiral Galaxies from Four Telescopes Shows Large-Scale Patterns of Asymmetry in Galaxy Spin Directions

Figure 1

Examples of the peaks of the radial intensity plots of different galaxy images. The direction of the lines generated by the peaks identifies the curves of the galaxy arms and therefore can be used to determine the spin direction of the galaxy. The algorithm is fully symmetric and is not based on complex nonintuitive data-driven rules commonly used in machine learning.