Table 3:
Testing result’s statistics of the problem ZDT3.
Algorithm
Convergence metric
Diversity metric
NSGA-II (real-coded)
0
.
1
1
4
5
0
0
±
0
.
0
0
4
9
4
0
0
.
7
3
8
5
4
0
±
0
.
0
1
9
7
0
6
NSGA-II (binary-coded)
0
.
0
4
3
4
1
1
±
0
.
0
0
0
0
4
2
0
.
5
7
5
6
0
6
±
0
.
0
0
5
0
7
8
SPEA
0
.
0
4
7
5
1
7
±
0
.
0
0
0
0
4
7
0
.
6
7
2
9
3
8
±
0
.
0
0
3
5
8
7
PAES
0
.
0
2
3
8
7
2
±
0
.
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
.
7
8
9
9
2
0
±
0
.
0
0
1
6
5
3
PDEA
N/A
0
.
6
2
3
8
1
2
±
0
.
0
0
0
2
2
5
MODE
0
.
0
2
1
5
6
0
±
0
.
0
0
0
0
0
0
N/A
MTVDE
0
.
0
0
6
0
0
0
±
0
.
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
.
6
0
4
4
0
0
±
0
.
0
0
0
3
2
6