Table 5:
Testing result’s statistics of the problem ZDT6.
Algorithm
Convergence metric
Diversity metric
NSGA-II (real-coded)
0
.
2
9
6
5
6
4
±
0
.
0
1
3
1
3
5
0
.
6
6
8
0
2
5
±
0
.
0
0
9
9
2
3
NSGA-II (binary-coded)
7
.
8
0
6
7
9
8
±
0
.
0
0
1
6
6
7
0
.
6
4
4
4
7
7
±
0
.
0
3
5
0
4
2
SPEA
0
.
2
2
1
1
3
8
±
0
.
0
0
0
4
4
9
0
.
8
4
9
3
8
9
±
0
.
0
0
2
7
1
3
PAES
0
.
0
8
5
4
6
9
±
0
.
0
0
6
6
6
4
1
.
1
5
3
0
5
2
±
0
.
0
0
3
9
1
6
PDEA
N/A
0
.
4
7
3
0
7
4
±
0
.
0
2
1
7
2
1
MODE
0
.
0
2
6
2
3
0
±
0
.
0
0
0
8
6
1
N/A
MTVDE
0
.
0
0
0
4
1
4
±
3
.
4
0
1
4
𝑒
−
0
0
9
0
.
9
2
6
3
0
0
±
0
.
0
0
0
8
9
5