Optimal Control Policies of Pests for Hybrid Dynamical Systems

Figure 1

Bifurcation diagram of system (1) for 0.3<𝛼₁<0.7, where 𝑋=𝑥₁, 𝑌=𝑥₂, 𝑍=𝑦, and 𝐴1=𝛼₁ and the initial value 𝑥₁=1.3;𝑥₂=1.5; and 𝑦=5 with parameters as follows:𝑎₁=0.9,  𝑎₂=0.8,  𝛼₂=0.5,  𝑐₁=0.55,  𝐾₁=20,  𝑟=1.2,  𝑏=0.25,  𝑐=0.3,  𝛼₂=0.5,  𝐾₂=30,  𝑐₂=0.55,  𝑊₁=0.85,  𝑊₂=0.75, and  𝑑=0.25.