Research Article

Efficient Finite Element Methodology Based on Cartesian Grids: Application to Structural Shape Optimization

Figure 22

Problem 3. Evolution of pipe optimization considering the error estimation of the FE solution ( ) or the recovered one ( ), for different prescribed errors levels . (a) Evolution of exact error in area with respect to the optimal analytical solution, (b) accumulative computational cost of the optimization processes.
953786.fig.0022a
(a)
953786.fig.0022b
(b)