Spatiotemporal Patterns in a Ratio-Dependent Food Chain Model with Reaction-Diffusion

Figure 5

Chaotic wave pattern of the prey 𝑢 obtained with model (3) with 𝑐₁=5.15 and 𝑞₁=1.07. Iterations: (a) 0, (b) 50000, (c) 100000, and (d) 200000.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)