Abstract

We introduce new implicit and explicit iterative algorithms for finding a common element of the set of solutions of the minimization problem for a convex and continuously Fréchet differentiable functional, the set of solutions of a finite family of generalized mixed equilibrium problems, and the set of solutions of a finite family of variational inclusions in a real Hilbert space. Under suitable control conditions, we prove that the sequences generated by the proposed algorithms converge strongly to a common element of three sets, which is the unique solution of a variational inequality defined over the intersection of three sets.

1. Introduction

Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space and let be the metric projection of onto . Let be a self-mapping on . We denote by Fix the set of fixed points of and by the set of all real numbers. A mapping is called -Lipschitz continuous if there exists a constant such that In particular, if , then is called a nonexpansive mapping [1]; if , then is called a contraction.

A mapping is called strongly positive on if there exists a constant such that

Let be a nonlinear mapping on . We consider the following variational inequality problem (VIP): find a point such that The solution set of VIP (3) is denoted by VI .

The VIP (3) was first discussed by Lions [2]. There are many applications of VIP (3) in various fields; see, for example, [36]. It is well known that if is a strongly monotone and Lipschitz continuous mapping on , then VIP (3) has a unique solution. In 1976, Korpelevič [7] proposed an iterative algorithm for solving the VIP (3) in Euclidean space : with a given number, which is known as the extragradient method (see also [8]). The literature on the VIP is vast and Korpelevich’s extragradient method has received great attention given by many authors, who improved it in various ways; see, for example, [924] and references therein, to name but a few.

Let be a real-valued function, a nonlinear mapping, and a bifunction. In 2008, Peng and Yao [12] introduced the following generalized mixed equilibrium problem (GMEP) of finding such that We denote the set of solutions of GMEP (5) by GMEP . The GMEP (5) is very general in the sense that it includes, as special cases, optimization problems, variational inequalities, minimax problems, and Nash equilibrium problems in noncooperative games. The GMEP is further considered and studied; see, for example, [11, 14, 23, 2528]. If and , then GMEP (5) reduces to the equilibrium problem (EP) which is to find such that It is considered and studied in [29]. The set of solutions of EP is denoted by EP . It is worth mentioning that the EP is a unified model of several problems, namely, variational inequality problems, optimization problems, saddle point problems, complementarity problems, fixed point problems, Nash equilibrium problems, and so forth.

Throughout this paper, it is assumed as in [12] that is a bifunction satisfying conditions (A1)–(A4) and is a lower semicontinuous and convex function with restriction (B1) or (B2), where(A1) for all ;(A2) is monotone; that is, for any ;(A3) is upper-hemicontinuous; that is, for each , (A4) is convex and lower semicontinuous for each ;(B1)for each and , there exists a bounded subset and such that, for any , (B2) is a bounded set.

Next we list some elementary results for the MEP.

Proposition 1 (see [26]). Assume that satisfies (A1)–(A4) and let be a proper lower semicontinuous and convex function. Assume that either (B1) or (B2) holds. For and , define a mapping as follows: for all . Then the following hold:(i)for each is nonempty and single-valued;(ii) is firmly nonexpansive; that is, for any , (iii);(iv) is closed and convex;(v) for all and .

Let , . Given the nonexpansive mappings on , for each , the mappings are defined by

The is called the -mapping generated by and . Note that the nonexpansivity of implies the nonexpansivity of  .

In 2012, combining the hybrid steepest-descent method in [30] and hybrid viscosity approximation method in [31], Ceng et al. [27] proposed and analyzed the following hybrid iterative method for finding a common element of the set of solutions of GMEP (5) and the set of fixed points of a finite family of nonexpansive mappings .

Theorem CGY (see [27, Theorem 3.1]). Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let be a bifunction satisfying assumptions (A1)–(A4) and a lower semicontinuous and convex function with restriction (B1) or (B2). Let the mapping be -inverse-strongly monotone and a finite family of nonexpansive mappings on such that . Let be a -Lipschitzian and -strongly monotone operator with constants and a -Lipschitzian mapping with constant . Let and , where . Suppose and are two sequences in , is a sequence in , and is a sequence in with . For every , let be the -mapping generated by and . Given arbitrarily, suppose that the sequences and are generated iteratively by where the sequences and the finite family of sequences satisfy the conditions:(i) and ;(ii);(iii) and ;(iv) for all .Then both and converge strongly to , where is a unique solution of the variational inequality problem (VIP):

Let be a single-valued mapping of into and a multivalued mapping with . Consider the following variational inclusion: find a point such that We denote by the solution set of the variational inclusion (14). In particular, if , then . If , then problem (14) becomes the inclusion problem introduced by Rockafellar [32]. It is known that problem (14) provides a convenient framework for the unified study of optimal solutions in many optimization related areas including mathematical programming, complementarity problems, variational inequalities, optimal control, mathematical economics, and equilibria and game theory.

In 1998, Huang [33] studied problem (14) in the case where is maximal monotone and is strongly monotone and Lipschitz continuous with . Subsequently, Zeng et al. [34] further studied problem (14) in the case which is more general than Huang’s one [33]. Moreover, the authors [34] obtained the same strong convergence conclusion as in Huang’s result [33]. In addition, the authors also gave the geometric convergence rate estimate for approximate solutions. Also, various types of iterative algorithms for solving variational inclusions have been further studied and developed; for more details, refer to [3539] and the references therein.

Let be an infinite family of nonexpansive self-mappings on and a sequence of nonnegative numbers in . For any , define a self-mapping on as follows: Such a mapping is called the -mapping generated by and .

Whenever a real Hilbert space, Yao et al. [11] very recently introduced and analyzed an iterative algorithm for finding a common element of the set of solutions of GMEP (5), the set of solutions of the variational inclusion (14), and the set of fixed points of an infinite family of nonexpansive mappings.

Theorem YCL (see [11, Theorem 3.2]). Let be a lower semicontinuous and convex function and a bifunction satisfying conditions (A1)–(A4) and (B1). Let be a strongly positive bounded linear operator with coefficient and a maximal monotone mapping. Let the mappings be -inverse-strongly monotone and -inverse-strongly monotone, respectively. Let be a -contraction. Let , , and be three constants such that , , and . Let be a sequence of positive numbers in for some and an infinite family of nonexpansive self-mappings on such that . For arbitrarily given , let the sequence be generated by where are two real sequences in and is the -mapping defined by (15) (with and ). Assume that the following conditions are satisfied:(C1) and ;(C2).Then the sequence converges strongly to , where is a unique solution of the VIP:

Let be a convex and continuously Fréchet differentiable functional. Consider the convex minimization problem (CMP) of minimizing over the constraint set (assuming the existence of minimizers). We denote by the set of minimizers of CMP (18). It is well known that the gradient-projection algorithm (GPA) generates a sequence determined by the gradient and the metric projection : or more generally, where, in both (19) and (20), the initial guess is taken from arbitrarilyn and the parameters or are positive real numbers. The convergence of algorithms (19) and (20) depends on the behavior of the gradient . As a matter of fact, it is known that if is -strongly monotone and -Lipschitz continuous, then, for , the operator is a contraction; hence, the sequence defined by the GPA (19) converges in norm to the unique solution of CMP (18). More generally, if the sequence is chosen to satisfy the property then the sequence defined by the GPA (20) converges in norm to the unique minimizer of CMP (18). If the gradient is only assumed to be Lipschitz continuous, then can only be weakly convergent if is infinite-dimensional (a counterexample is given in Section 5 of Xu [40]).

Since the Lipschitz continuity of the gradient implies that it is actually -inverse-strongly monotone (ism) [41], its complement can be an averaged mapping (i.e., it can be expressed as a proper convex combination of the identity mapping and a nonexpansive mapping). Consequently, the GPA can be rewritten as the composite of a projection and an averaged mapping, which is again an averaged mapping. This shows that averaged mappings play an important role in the GPA. Recently, Xu [40] used averaged mappings to study the convergence analysis of the GPA, which is hence an operator-oriented approach.

Motivated and inspired by the above facts, we in this paper introduce new implicit and explicit iterative algorithms for finding a common element of the set of solutions of the CMP (18) for a convex functional with -Lipschitz continuous gradient , the set of solutions of a finite family of GMEPs, and the set of solutions of a finite family of variational inclusions for maximal monotone and inverse-strong monotone mappings in a real Hilbert space. Under mild control conditions, we prove that the sequences generated by the proposed algorithms converge strongly to a common element of three sets, which is the unique solution of a variational inequality defined over the intersection of three sets. Our iterative algorithms are based on Korpelevich’s extragradient method, hybrid steepest-descent method in [30], viscosity approximation method, and averaged mapping approach to the GPA in [40]. The results obtained in this paper improve and extend the corresponding results announced by many others.

2. Preliminaries

Throughout this paper, we assume that is a real Hilbert space whose inner product and norm are denoted by and , respectively. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of . We write to indicate that the sequence converges weakly to and to indicate that the sequence converges strongly to . Moreover, we use to denote the weak -limit set of the sequence ; that is,

Recall that a mapping is called(i)monotone if (ii)-strongly monotone if there exists a constant such that (iii)-inverse-strongly monotone if there exists a constant such that

It is obvious that if is -inverse-strongly monotone, then is monotone and -Lipschitz continuous.

The metric (or nearest point) projection from onto is the mapping which assigns to each point the unique point satisfying the property

Some important properties of projections are gathered in the following proposition.

Proposition 2. For given and ,(i), for all ;(ii), for all ;(iii), for all .
Consequently, is nonexpansive and monotone.

If is an -inverse-strongly monotone mapping of into , then it is obvious that is -Lipschitz continuous. We also have that, for all and , So, if , then is a nonexpansive mapping from to .

Definition 3. A mapping is said to be(a)nonexpansive [1] if (b)firmly nonexpansive if is nonexpansive or, equivalently, if is -inverse-strongly monotone (-ism), alternatively, is firmly nonexpansive if and only if can be expressed as where is nonexpansive; projections are firmly nonexpansive.

It can be easily seen that if is nonexpansive, then is monotone. It is also easy to see that a projection is -ism. Inverse-strongly monotone (also referred to as co-coercive) operators have been applied widely in solving practical problems in various fields.

Definition 4. A mapping is said to be an averaged mapping if it can be written as the average of the identity and a nonexpansive mapping; that is, where and is nonexpansive. More precisely, when the last equality holds, we say that is -averaged. Thus, firmly nonexpansive mappings (in particular, projections) are -averaged mappings.

Proposition 5 (see [42]). Let be a given mapping.(i) is nonexpansive if and only if the complement is -ism.(ii)If is -ism, then, for is -ism.(iii) is averaged if and only if the complement is -ism for some . Indeed, for is -averaged if and only if is -ism.

Proposition 6 (see [42, 43]). Let be given operators.(i)If for some and if is averaged and is nonexpansive, then is averaged.(ii) is firmly nonexpansive if and only if the complement is firmly nonexpansive.(iii)If for some and if is firmly nonexpansive and is nonexpansive, then is averaged.(iv)The composite of finitely many averaged mappings is averaged. That is, if each of the mappings is averaged, then so is the composite . In particular, if is -averaged and is -averaged, where , then the composite is -averaged, where .(v)If the mappings are averaged and have a common fixed point, thenThe notation denotes the set of all fixed points of the mapping ; that is, .

We need some facts and tools in a real Hilbert space which are listed as lemmas below.

Lemma 7. Let be a real inner product space. Then the following inequality holds:

Lemma 8. Let be a monotone mapping. In the context of the variational inequality problem the characterization of the projection (see Proposition 2(i)) implies

Lemma 9 (see [44, Demiclosedness principle]). Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let be a nonexpansive self-mapping on with . Then is demiclosed. That is, whenever is a sequence in weakly converging to some and the sequence strongly converges to some , it follows that . Here is the identity operator of .

Lemma 10 (see [45]). Let be a sequence of nonnegative numbers satisfying the conditions where and are sequences of real numbers such that(i) and or, equivalently, (ii), or .Then .

Lemma 11 (see [46]). Let and be bounded sequences in a Banach space and a sequence in with Suppose that for each and Then .

The following lemma can be easily proven and, therefore, we omit the proof.

Lemma 12. Let be an -Lipschitzian mapping with constant , and let be a -Lipschitzian and -strongly monotone operator with positive constants . Then, for , That is, is strongly monotone with constant .

Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . We introduce some notations. Let be a number in and let . Associating with a nonexpansive mapping , we define the mapping by where is an operator such that, for some positive constants , is -Lipschitzian and -strongly monotone on ; that is, satisfies the conditions: for all .

Lemma 13 (see [45, Lemma 3.1]). is a contraction provided ; that is, where .

Recall that a set-valued mapping is called monotone if for all , and imply A set-valued mapping is called maximal monotone if is monotone and for each , where is the identity mapping of . We denote by the graph of . It is known that a monotone mapping is maximal if and only if, for , for every implies .

Let be a monotone, -Lipschitz continuous mapping and let be the normal cone to at ; that is, Define Then, is maximal monotone and if and only if ; see [32].

Assume that is a maximal monotone mapping. Then, for , associated with , the resolvent operator can be defined as In terms of Huang [33] (see also [34]), the following property holds for the resolvent operator .

Lemma 14. is single-valued and firmly nonexpansive; that is,
Consequently, is nonexpansive and monotone.

Lemma 15 (see [39]). Let be a maximal monotone mapping with . Then, for any given , is a solution of problem (14) if and only if satisfies

Lemma 16 (see [34]). Let be a maximal monotone mapping with and let be a strongly monotone, continuous, and single-valued mapping. Then, for each , the equation has a unique solution for .

Lemma 17 (see [39]). Let be a maximal monotone mapping with and let be a monotone, continuous, and single-valued mapping. Then for each . In this case, is maximal monotone.

3. Implicit Iterative Algorithm and Its Convergence Criteria

We now state and prove the first main result of this paper.

Theorem 18. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let be a convex functional with -Lipschitz continuous gradient . Let be two integers. Let be a bifunction from to satisfying (A1)–(A4) and let be a proper lower semicontinuous and convex function, where . Let be a maximal monotone mapping and let and be -inverse-strongly monotone and -inverse-strongly monotone, respectively, where , . Let be a -Lipschitzian and -strongly monotone operator with positive constants . Let be an -Lipschitzian mapping with constant . Let and , where . Assume that and that either (B1) or (B2) holds. Let be a sequence generated by where (here is nonexpansive and for each . Assume that the following conditions hold:(i) for each , ;(ii), for all ;(iii), for all .Then converges strongly as to a point , which is a unique solution of the VIP: Equivalently, .

Proof. First of all, let us show that the sequence is well defined. Indeed, since is -Lipschitzian, it follows that is -ism; see [41]. By Proposition 5(ii) we know that, for , is -ism. So by Proposition 5(iii) we deduce that is -averaged. Now since the projection is -averaged, it is easy to see from Proposition 6(iv) that the composite is -averaged for . Hence, we obtain that, for each , is -averaged for each . Therefore, we can write where is nonexpansive and for each . It is clear that
Put for all and , for all and , and , where is the identity mapping on . Then we have that and .
Consider the following mapping on defined by where for each . By Proposition 1(ii) and Lemma 13 we obtain from (27) that for all Since , is a contraction. Therefore, by the Banach contraction principle, has a unique fixed point , which uniquely solves the fixed point equation: This shows that the sequence is defined well.
Note that and . Hence, by Lemma 12 we know that That is, is strongly monotone for . Moreover, it is clear that is Lipschitz continuous. So the VIP (50) has only one solution. Below we use to denote the unique solution of the VIP (50).
Now, let us show that is bounded. In fact, take arbitrarily. Then from (27) and Proposition 1(ii) we have Similarly, we have Combining (59) and (60), we have Since where , it is clear that for each . Thus, utilizing Lemma 13 and the nonexpansivity of , we obtain from (61) that This implies that . Hence, is bounded. So, according to (59) and (61) we know that , , , , and are bounded.
Next let us show that , , and as .
Indeed, from (27) it follows that for all and Thus, utilizing Lemma 7, from (49) and (64) we have which implies that Since and for all and , from we conclude immediately that for all and .
Furthermore, by Proposition 1(ii) we obtain that for each which implies that Also, by Lemma 14, we obtain that for each which implies Thus, utilizing Lemma 7, from (49), (69), and (71) we have It immediately follows that Since and for all and , from (67) and we deduce that for all and . Hence, we get So, taking into account that , we have Thus, from (77) and we have Now we show that as . In fact, from the nonexpansivity of , we have By (77) and (78), we get From (78) it is easy to see that Observe that where for each . Hence, we have From the boundedness of and (due to (78)), it follows that
Further, we show that . Indeed, since is bounded, there exists a subsequence of which converges weakly to some . Note that (due to (75)). Hence, . Since is closed and convex, is weakly closed. So, we have . From (74) and (75), we have that , , , , where , . First, we prove that . As a matter of fact, since is -inverse-strongly monotone, is a monotone and Lipschitz continuous mapping. It follows from Lemma 17 that is maximal monotone. Let ; that is, . Again, since , , , we have that is, In terms of the monotonicity of , we get and hence In particular, Since (due to (74)) and (due to the Lipschitz continuity of ), we conclude from and condition (ii) that It follows from the maximal monotonicity of that ; that is, . Therefore, . Next we prove that . Since , , , we have By (A2), we have Let for all and . This implies that . Then, we have By (74), we have (due to the Lipschitz continuity of ). Furthermore, by the monotonicity of , we obtain . Then, by (A4) we obtain Utilizing (A1), (A4), and (94), we obtain and hence Letting , we have, for each , This implies that and hence . Further, let us show that . As a matter of fact, from (84), , and Lemma 9, we conclude that So, . Therefore, . This shows that .
Finally, let us show that as where is the unique solution of the VIP (50). Indeed, we note that, for with , By (61) and Lemma 13, we obtain that Hence, it follows that which hence leads to In particular, we have Since , it follows from (103) that as .
Now we show that solves the VIP (50). Since , we have It follows that, for each , since is monotone (i.e., for all . This is due to the nonexpansivity of ). Since as , by replacing in (105) with and letting , we get That is, is a solution of VIP (50).
Finally, in terms of the uniqueness of solutions of VIP (50), we deduce that and as . So, every weak convergence subsequence of converges strongly to the unique solution of VIP (50). Therefore, converges strongly to the unique solution of VIP (50). In addition, the VIP (50) can be rewritten as By Proposition 2(i), this is equivalent to the fixed point equation: This completes the proof.

Corollary 19. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let be a convex functional with -Lipschitz continuous gradient . Let be a bifunction from to satisfying (A1)–(A4) and let be a proper lower semicontinuous and convex function. Let be a maximal monotone mapping and let and be -inverse-strongly monotone and -inverse-strongly monotone, respectively, for . Let be a -Lipschitzian and -strongly monotone operator with positive constants . Let be an -Lipschitzian mapping with constant . Let and , where . Assume that and that either (B1) or (B2) holds. Let be a sequence generated by where (here is nonexpansive and for each ). Assume that the following conditions hold:(i) for each , ;(ii) for ;(iii).Then converges strongly as to a point , which is a unique solution of the VIP:

Corollary 20. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let be a convex functional with -Lipschitz continuous gradient . Let be a bifunction from to satisfying (A1)–(A4) and let be a proper lower semicontinuous and convex function. Let be a maximal monotone mapping and let and be -inverse-strongly monotone and -inverse-strongly monotone, respectively. Let be a -Lipschitzian and -strongly monotone operator with positive constants . Let be an -Lipschitzian mapping with constant . Let and , where . Assume that and that either (B1) or (B2) holds. Let be a sequence generated by where (here is nonexpansive and for each ). Assume that the following conditions hold:(i) for each , ;(ii);(iii). Then converges strongly as to a point , which is a unique solution of the VIP:

4. Explicit Iterative Algorithm and Its Convergence Criteria

We next state and prove the second main result of this paper.

Theorem 21. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let be a convex functional with -Lipschitz continuous gradient . Let be two integers. Let be a bifunction from to satisfying (A1)–(A4) and let be a proper lower semicontinuous and convex function, where . Let be a maximal monotone mapping and let and be -inverse-strongly monotone and -inverse-strongly monotone, respectively, where , . Let be a -Lipschitzian and -strongly monotone operator with positive constants . Let be an -Lipschitzian mapping with constant . Let and , where . Assume that and that either (B1) or (B2) holds. For arbitrarily given , let be a sequence generated by where (here is nonexpansive and for each ). Assume that the following conditions hold:(i) for each , and ;(ii) and ;(iii) and for all ;(iv) and for all .Then converges strongly as to a point , which is a unique solution of VIP (50).

Proof. First of all, repeating the same arguments as in Theorem 18, we can write where is nonexpansive and for each . It is clear that
Put for all and , for all and , and , where is the identity mapping on . Then we have that and . In addition, taking into consideration conditions (i) and (ii), we may assume, without loss of generality, that for all .
We divide the remainder of the proof into several steps.
Step 1. Let us show that for all and . Indeed, take arbitrarily. Repeating the same arguments as those of (59)–(61) in the proof of Theorem 18, we obtain Then from (118), , and Lemma 13, we have By induction, we have Hence, is bounded. According to (118), , , , , and are also bounded.
Step 2. Let us show that as . To this end, define Observe that, from the definition of , Thus, it follows that On the other hand, since is -ism, is nonexpansive for . So, it follows that, for any given , This together with the boundedness of implies that is bounded. Also, observe that where for some . So, by (125), we have that Note that where for some . Also, utilizing Proposition 1(v) we deduce that where is a constant such that for each Combining (123)–(128), we get Thus, it follows from (130) and conditions (i)–(iv) that Hence, by Lemma 11 we have Consequently, and, by (126)–(128),
Step 3. Let us show that and for all and .
Indeed, since we have that is, So, from , , and condition (ii), it follows that Also, from (27) it follows that for all and Furthermore, utilizing Lemma 7, we deduce from (113) that From (139)–(140), it follows that and so Since and for all and , by (133), (138), and (142) we conclude immediately that for all and .
Step 4. Let us show that , , and as .
Indeed, by Proposition 1(iii) we obtain that for each which implies that Also, by Lemma 14, we obtain that for each which implies Thus, from (140), (145), and (147), we have that is, So, from , (133), (138), and (143), we immediately get for all and . Note that Thus, from (150) we have It is easy to see that as Also, observe that Hence, we have from (138)
Step 5. Let us show that , where is the same as in Theorem 18; that is, is a unique solution of VIP (50). To show this inequality, we choose a subsequence of such that Since is bounded, there exists a subsequence of which converges weakly to . Without loss of generality, we may assume that . From Step 4, we have that , , , and , where , . Since by Step 4, by the same arguments as in the proof of Theorem 18, we get . Since , it follows that
Step 6. Let us show that , where is the same as in Theorem 18; that is, is a unique solution of VIP (50). From (113), we know that Applying Lemmas 7 and 13 and noticing and for all , we have This implies that where , , and From condition (i) and Step 5, it is easy to see that , and . Hence, by Lemma 10, we conclude that as . This completes the proof.

Corollary 22. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let be a convex functional with -Lipschitz continuous gradient . Let be a bifunction from to satisfying (A1)–(A4) and let be a proper lower semicontinuous and convex function. Let be a maximal monotone mapping and let and be -inverse-strongly monotone and -inverse-strongly monotone, respectively, for . Let be a -Lipschitzian and -strongly monotone operator with positive constants . Let be an -Lipschitzian mapping with constant . Let and , where . Assume that and that either (B1) or (B2) holds. For arbitrarily given , let be a sequence generated by where (here is nonexpansive and for each ). Assume that the following conditions hold:(i) for each , and ;(ii) and ;(iii) and for ;(iv) and .Then converges strongly as to a point , which is a unique solution of VIP (110).

Corollary 23. Let be a nonempty closed convex subset of a real Hilbert space . Let be a convex functional with -Lipschitz continuous gradient . Let be a bifunction from to satisfying (A1)–(A4) and let be a proper lower semicontinuous and convex function. Let be a maximal monotone mapping and let and be -inverse-strongly monotone and -inverse-strongly monotone, respectively. Let be a -Lipschitzian and -strongly monotone operator with positive constants . Let be an -Lipschitzian mapping with constant . Let and , where . Assume that and that either (B1) or (B2) holds. For arbitrarily given , let be a sequence generated by where (here is nonexpansive and for each ). Assume that the following conditions hold:(i) for each , and ;(ii) and ;(iii) and ;(iv) and .Then converges strongly as to a point , which is a unique solution of VIP (112).

Conflict of Interests

The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.

Acknowledgments

In this research, the first author was supported by King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Project no. IN111015; he also is grateful to the university for providing excellent research facilities. This research was partially supported by the National Science Foundation of China (11071169), Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (09ZZ133), and Ph.D. Program Foundation of Ministry of Education of China (20123127110002).