Research Article
Serological Evidence of Henipavirus among Horses and Pigs in Zaria and Environs in Kaduna State, Nigeria
Table 3
Risk factors associated with the prevalence of Henipavirus in horses in Zaria and environs.
| Risk factor | Number | Number of seropositives (%) | Chi, df | value | Odds ratio | 95% CI |
| Management system | | | | | | | Intensive | 128 | 27 (21.1) | 8.494, 1 | 0.0036 | 4.50 | 1.50–14 | Semi-intensive | 72 | 4 (5.5) | | | Animal purpose | | | | | | | Sport | 106 | 27 (25.5) | 17.172 | 0.0002 | 6.2 | 1.4–27 | Leisure/traditional | 56 | 2 (3.6) | | 1.5 | 0.20–11.1 | Security | 38 | 2 (5.3) | | | Ref. | | Source of water | | | | | | | Well | 33 | 1 (3) | 4.692, 1 | 0.0303 | 0.14 | 0.02–1.1 | Pipe-borne | 167 | 30 (17.9) | | | | Feed type | | | | | | | Homemade | 88 | 6 (6.8) | 9.043, 1 | 0.0026 | 0.25 | 0.10–0.65 | Commercial | 112 | 25 (22.3) | | | Feeding method | | | | | | | In the open | 41 | 3 (7.3) | 2.637, 1 | 0.1044 | 0.37 | 0.11–1.3 | In the pen | 159 | 28 (17.6) | | | Bat presence | | | | | | | No | 59 | 3 (5.1) | 22.4 | <0.0085 | 4.63 | 1.35–15.9 | Yes | 141 | 28 (19.8) | | | | |
| Total | 200 | 31 (15.5%) | | | | |
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