Biomechanical Responses and Injury Characteristics of Knee Joints under Longitudinal Impacts of Different Velocities

Table 3

Strain and impact force of knee joint.

Specimen	Impact speed	Strain				Impact force (N)
		Medial condyle of femur	Lateral condyle of femur	Medial condyle of tibia	Lateral condyle of tibia
		Peak value (×10^−6)	Peak value (×10^−6)	Peak value (×10^−6)	Peak value (×10^−6)	Peak value
N1	2.5 km/h	2116.3 ± 31.3	1835.5 ± 32.1	3258.3 ± 53.6	1357.5 ± 24.3	2164.4 ± 421.2
	5.0 km/h	4815.7 ± 83.7	3865.4 ± 63.2	7103.1 ± 97.3	1394.6 ± 23.1	3729.5 ± 127.3
	8 km/h	6581.4 ± 149.6	5321.5 ± 161.2	12634.6 ± 235.6	7653.2 ± 81.6	5639.2 ± 653.8
N2	2.5 km/h	1534.6 ± 30.1	1235.2 ± 16.3	3125.4 ± 14.3	2525.1 ± 21.3	2310.2 ± 324.5
	5.0 km/h	4635.2 ± 21.3	3765.4 ± 59.3	7058.5 ± 85.2	2312.6 ± 25.1	4720.3 ± 797.8
	8 km/h	6638.2 ± 152.6	4521.5 ± 122.6	11562.3 ± 211.5	8426.9 ± 74.2	6591.2 ± 336.2
N3	2.5 km/h	2015.5 ± 21.6	1845.3 ± 30.5	3325.1 ± 56.4	1325.3 ± 21.1	2246.1 ± 399.2
	5.0 km/h	4526.1 ± 78.6	3567.4 ± 61.2	6829.5 ± 88.5	3356.2 ± 21.0	5528.7 ± 639.4
	8 km/h	7229.6 ± 126.5	5638.2 ± 121.6	11561.2 ± 253.6	8465.3 ± 75.3	8639.2 ± 556.2
N4	2.5 km/h	1985.6 ± 22.9	1562.8 ± 16.2	3122.4 ± 33.2	1242.6 ± 22.6	2256.8 ± 413.5
	5.0 km/h	4562.3 ± 56.9	3356.2 ± 22.9	5687.2 ± 88.6	1234.1 ± 56.3	4562.5 ± 648.3
	8 km/h	6675.3 ± 133.5	5013.2 ± 155.2	8965.8 ± 225.1	6628.1 ± 85.3	5864.2 ± 655.2