Experimental Study of Thoracoabdominal Injuries Suffered from Caudocephalad Impacts Using Pigs

Figure 3

The kinematics of the pig during the CCI. (a) T0: the sled is hitting against the wall but the pig was motionless to the carriage. (b) T1: the pig showed maximal deformation of the abdomen due to severe compression of the torso along the caudocephalad direction. (c) T2: peak point of the spine bending. The maximal height (MH) indicated with the arrows refers to the distance between the peak point of the spine bending and the deck of carriage. (d) T3: the spine returned to normal form.

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