Research Article
A Biomechanical Analysis of Lower Limb Movement on the Backcourt Forehand Clear Stroke among Badminton Players of Different Levels
Table 1
The contact area, pressure-time integral, and force-time integral for AP and PP.
| Plantar regions | PP | AP | value | (95% CI) |
| Contact area (cm2) | BT | 9.20 (±0) | 9.24 (±0) | 1.0 | NaN (0 to 0) | OT | 16.93 (±0) | 16.93 (±0) | 1.0 | NaN (0 to 0) | FM | 15.64 (±0.471)a | 13.61 (±1.53) | 0.001 | 1.74 (−3.10 to −0.96) | SATM | 19.32 (±0.99) | 21.10 (±1.49)b | 0.006 | 1.40 (0.58 to 2.96) | FAFM | 15.52 (±0.63) | 16.13 (±1.01) | 0.126 | 0.73 (−1.41 to 0.19) | Pressure-time integral (kPa·s) | BT | 86.17 (±7.29) | 83.09 (±6.43) | 0.330 | 0.77 (−19.52 to 1.09) | OT | 42.56 (±2.28) | 44.32 (±6.30) | 0.416 | 0.37 (−6.22 to 2.69) | FM | 115.85 (±8.23)a | 89.93 (±7.98) | 0.000 | 3.20 (18.3 to 33.53) | SATM | 48.32 (±4.88) | 49.46 (±4.69) | 0.604 | 0.24 (−5.63 to 3.37) | FAFM | 12.44 (±0.98) | 56.28 (±3.64)b | 0.000 | 10.75 (−46.43 to −36.70) | Force-time integral (N·s) | BT | 35.15 (±2.87) | 78.62 (±7.16)b | 0.000 | 7.97 (−48.61 to 38.37). | OT | 37.98 (±5.99) | 40.88 (±6.58) | 0.358 | 0.46 (−8.71 to 3.02) | FM | 70.65 (±10.94) | 89.22 (±6.71)b | 0.000 | 2.65 (−25.18 to −11.95) | SATM | 55.153 (±3.89)a | 49.46 (±4.69) | 0.009 | 1.32 (1.64 to 9.75) | FAFM | 26.91 (±3.75) | 56.45 (±9.22)b | 0.000 | 4.41 (−36.05 to −23.02) |
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Notes: values are expressed as mean (standard deviation). ; AP was lower compared to PP. ; PP was lower compared to AP. |