Examination of Strength Modeling Reliability of Physical Tests on Structural Concrete Columns

Table 3

Strength ratio statistics for reinforced concrete columns.

Reference	ℓ/ℎ	𝑒/ℎ	𝜌^′′ (%)	𝑛	Strength ratio statisticsa
					FEM	CSA
Hognestad [19]	7.5	0.00–1.25	0.43	35	0.96 (0.07)	0.96 (0.06)
Ernst et al. [13]	2.0–25.0	0.00–0.38	0.39	11	1.08 (0.13)	1.24 (0.26)
Viest et al. [31]	8.0	0.25–0.76	0.63	15	1.07 (0.07)	1.02 (0.10)
Gaede [15]	29.4–35.4	0.20–0.50	0.12	8	0.80 (0.06)	0.92 (0.13)
Bresler [7]	6.0–8.0	0.50–1.00	1.11	4	1.08 (0.06)	1.03 (0.07)
Bresler and Gilbert [8]	7.5	0.00	0.46–0.70	4	1.06 (0.03)	1.09 (0.02)
Chang and Ferguson [10]	31.0	0.06–0.39	0.21	6	0.93 (0.06)	1.27 (0.22)
Pfister [24]	6.0–9.0	0.00	0.04–0.53	11	0.91 (0.03)	0.93 (0.08)
Roy and Sozen [27]	5.0	0.00	1.99–2.24	29	0.91 (0.05)	1.18 (0.05)
Todeschini et al. [30]	8.1	0.00–0.50	0.25	19	1.02 (0.10)	1.03 (0.11)
Hudson [20]	8.0	0.00–0.33	0.05–1.12	60	1.02 (0.15)	1.05 (0.13)
Martin and Olivieri [22]	40.0	0.00	0.36	2	0.97 (0.04)	2.20 (0.08)
Mehmel et al. [23]	8.8–30.4	0.08–1.00	0.37–0.56	12	0.99 (0.08)	1.13 (0.20)
Ramu et al. [25]	14.4–28.9	0.03–1.00	0.47	6	0.92 (0.04)	1.17 (0.26)
Drysdale and Huggins [12]	31.2	0.20	0.41	4	1.05 (0.03)	1.19 (0.03)
Goyal and Jackson [16]	16.0–36.0	0.17–0.50	2.10–2.90	26	0.83 (0.07)	0.97 (0.08)
Bunni [9]	4.0–20.0	0.00	1.03–1.58	26	1.11 (0.07)	1.26 (0.09)
Green and Hellesland [17]	15.0–15.2	0.09–0.10	0.25	2	0.98 (0.01)	1.10 (0.06)
Heimdahl and Bianchini [18]	3.2–6.0	0.21–1.06	0.98	16	0.88 (0.12)	0.92 (0.14)
Sheikh and Uzumeri [29]	6.4	0.00	0.63–2.31	24	1.07 (0.08)	1.06 (0.09)
Scott et al. [28]	2.7	0.00–0.11	1.82–1.93	4	1.04 (0.03)	1.18 (0.02)
Razvi and Saatcioglu [26]	2.9	0.00	1.21–2.51	7	0.91 (0.05)	1.04 (0.07)
Cusson and Paultre [11]	6.0	0.00	3.87–4.73	2	1.07 (0.01)	1.34 (0.03)
Fang et al. [14]	4.0	0.00	0.92–2.75	13	0.98 (0.08)	1.15 (0.08)
Kim and Yang [21]	3.0–30.0	0.30	0.76	8	0.97 (0.08)	1.04 (0.03)
All Studies Combined	2.0–40.0	0.00–1.25	0.04–4.73	354	0.98 (0.13)	1.08 (0.17)

aThe statistics shown are the average values (and coefficients of variation in parentheses) of the ratios of tested to computed strengths. The computed strengths are those from FEM and CSA.