A Multimode Adaptive Pushover Procedure for Seismic Assessment of Integral Bridges

Table 3

Modal characteristics of B123.

Mode	Initial state		1st yield^a		2nd yield^a		3rd yield^a		Ultimate state
	𝑇 (s)^b	𝑀 (%)^c	𝑇 (s)	𝑀 (%)	𝑇 (s)	𝑀 (%)	𝑇 (s)	𝑀 (%)	𝑇 (s)	𝑀 (%)
1st	0.751	69.2	1.295	78.4	1.375	79.6	2.198	85.4	3.134	97.2
2nd	0.408	2.3	0.567	0.1	0.594	0.3	0.961	4.0	1.392	—
3rd	0.272	24.6	0.353	19.9	0.367	18.6	0.476	8.9	0.623	—

a1st, 2nd, and 3rd yield: short, medium, and tall columns reaching their corresponding Δ_y, respectively.
^b𝑇 is the period of vibration (in seconds).
^c𝑀 (%) is the effective modal mass divided by the total mass of the structure (given in percentage).