Finite Element Model Updating in Bridge Structures Using Kriging Model and Latin Hypercube Sampling Method

Table 6

Comparison of the error 2-norm.

Initial model	Kriging model 1	Kriging model 2	Kriging model 3	Kriging model 4	Kriging model	GA
1.5215	1.6890	1.6019	1.3656	1.3468	1.0505	0.9852

Note. Kriging model 1 takes the corresponding frequency of girder lateral mode shapes as the training samples; Kriging model 2 takes the corresponding frequency of arch rib torsional mode shapes as the training samples; Kriging model 3 takes the corresponding frequency of the girder arch rib vertical mode shapes as the training samples; Kriging model 4 takes the corresponding frequency of girder lateral mode shapes as the training samples; Secondary updated Kriging model is based on the calculation accuracy of the previous 4 Kriging models.