Experiments on Reducing Negative Skin Friction of Piles

Table 5

Model 4.

Moisture content (%)	Vertical force (kN)	Compressive stress (kPa)	Horizontal force (kN)	Friction strength (kPa)	Friction coefficient	Average friction coefficient
21	10	47.26	2.12	10.02	0.212	0.22
	20	94.52	4.94	23.35	0.247
	30	141.78	5.88	27.79	0.196
19	10	47.26	2.65	12.52	0.265	0.25
	20	94.52	4.85	22.92	0.243
	30	141.78	7.07	33.41	0.236
17	10	47.26	3.17	14.98	0.317	0.32
	20	94.52	6.56	31.00	0.328
	30	141.78	9.72	45.94	0.324
15	10	47.26	5.42	25.61	0.542	0.55
	20	94.52	10.56	49.91	0.528
	30	141.78	17.16	81.10	0.572
13	10	47.26	6.26	29.58	0.626	0.61
	20	94.52	10.98	51.89	0.549
	30	141.78	19.50	92.16	0.650