Physical and Chemical Modifications of Plant Fibres for Reinforcement in Cementitious Composites

Table 2

Physical and mechanical properties of PF.

Group	Fibres	Density (g/cm^3)	Tensile strength (MPa)	Tensile modulus (GPa)	Elongation at break (%)	Ref.
Bast	Abaca	1.5	400	12	3–10	[3]
	Flax	1.5	345–1035	27.6	2.7–3.2	[3]
	Jute	1.3	393–773	26.5	1.5–1.8	[3]
	Hemp	1.48	690	70	1.6	[3]
	Ramie	1.5	560	24.5	2.5	[3]
	Kenaf	1.45	930	53	1.6	[46]
	Roselle	0.75–0.8	170–350	17	5–8	[47]
Leaf	Sisal	1.5	511–635	9.4–22	1.5	[3]
	Curaua	1.4	500–1150	11.8	1.4	[48]
	Pineapple	0.8–1.6	400–627	1.44	0.8–1.6	[3]
	Poplar	0.25–0.39	—	2.9–8.4	—	[49]
	Banana	0.75–0.95	180–430	23	3.36	[47]
Fruits	Coir	1.2	593	4–6	4.4	[50]
	Oil palm	0.7–1.55	248	3.2	0.7–1.55	[3]
Seed	Cotton	1.51	400	12	3–10	[5]
	Kapok	1.47	45–64	1.73–2.55	2–4	[18]
Grass	Sea grass	—	453–692	3.1–3.7	13–26.6	[18]
	Bamboo	0.6–1.1	140–230	11–17	—	[3]
	Bagasse	1.25	222–290	27.1	1.1	[3]