Study of the Indoor Model Test and CEL Simulation of Jacking Force in the Vertical Tunnelling Method

<div>Influence of jacking speed on jacking force. (a) Influence of jacking speed on jacking force. (b) Relationship between jacking speed and maximum jacking force and software running time.</div>

Advances in Civil Engineering

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Figure 8

Figure 8: Study of the Indoor Model Test and CEL Simulation of Jacking Force in the Vertical Tunnelling Method 