Prediction of Surface Roughness in End Milling Process Using Intelligent Systems: A Comparative Study

Table 1

End milling parameters used in the study.

Parameter	Meaning
𝑆𝑚	Spindle speed (rpm)
𝐹𝑚	Feed rate (ipm)
𝐷𝑚	Depth of cut (in)
𝑅𝑚	Roughness (𝜇in)