| Algorithm EA |
| (1) Set . |
| (2) Randomize initial population . |
| (3) Repeat until the termination criterion is satisfied: |
| (a) Evaluate fitness of each individual in . |
| (b) Select individuals as parents from based on fitness. |
| (c) Apply crossover on the parents, and generate . |
| (d) Apply mutation on , and generate . |
| (e) Set . |