Lupus Nephritis: An Overview of Recent Findings

Table 1

Adapted from [32] and [33]. Susceptibility genes in SLE associated with LN.

Chromosome	Gene	SNPs	Population	OR^¹ with LN	References
6p21	HLA region	DRB1*0301; and several; other Alleles.	European, Several Asian, African American, mixed European-Amerindian, and Latin American.	2.4	[29, 34–37]
7q32	IRF5	5bp promoter indel, rs2004640,; rs2070197,; 10954213; rs10954213; rs 729302	European, several Asian, mixed European-Amerindian, African American, Latin american.	1.6	[23, 38–42]
2q32	STAT4	rs7574865,; rs3821236,; rs7582694	European, mixed European-Amerindian, several Asian, African-American	1.5	[23, 38, 40, 43, 44]
6q23	TNFAIP3	rs5029939; rs223096; rs223096	European, Asian, African American	2.0	[23, 38, 40, 45–48]
16p11	ITGAM	rs9888739,; rs1143679,; rs4548893	European, mixed European-Amerindian, Asian, African American, Latin Americans	1.6	[30, 38–40, 46, 49, 50]
4q24	BANK1	rs10516487; rs1726654; rs3733197; rs1051647; rs10516483	European, European-Amerindian, Asian, Caucasian	1.2	[38, 46, 51–53]
1p13	PTPN22	rs2476601	European, Latin Americans	1.4	[23, 54]
8p23	BLK	rs13277113,; rs2736340; rs2248932	European, several Asian	1.3	[23, 38–40, 46, 55, 56]
2q37	PDCD; (CD279)	PD1.3A	European, European-Amerindian, Chinese, Latin Americans	1.2	[57]
1q25	TNFSF4	Risk haplotype; rs3850641	European, Asian	1.4	[23, 38, 40, 46, 52, 58]
18q22.3	CD226	rs763361; rs727088	European, European-Amerindian, Asian	NA^²	[59, 60]
1q21–23	FCGR2A	ARG131HIS	European, European-Amerindian, African American	2.2	[23, 39, 40]
19p13.2	TYK2	rs280519; rs2304256; rs12720270	European	1.2	[40, 42]
3p21.3	TREX1	rs72556554	European, Asian, Hispanic, African	25	[61, 62]
Xq28	MECP2-IRAK1	rs2269368; rs17435; rs3027933; rs1734791	European, Chinese, Korean, European-Amerindian (Mexican)	1.4	[40, 63–65]
3p14.3	PXK	rs6445975; rs2176082	European	1.2	[23, 40]
2q24	IFIH1	rs1990760	European	NA^²	[40]
11p15.5	KIAA1542 (PHRF1)	rs4963128	European	NA^²	[23]
8p23.1	XKR6	rs6985109	European	NA^²	[23]
6q21	ATG5-PRMD1	rs6568431,; rs2245214; rs548234	European, Chinese	NA^²	[23, 40, 66]
22q11.2	UBE2L3	s5754217	European, Chinese	1.2	[40, 45, 67]
5q33.3	PTTG1	rs2431099	European	1.2	[40, 45, 67]
6p21	UHRF1BP1	rs11755393	European	NA^²	[40, 67]
5q32	TNIP1	rs7708392	European, Chinese, Thai, Japanese.	1.3	[38, 40, 67, 68]
7p15.2	JAZF1	rs849142	European	NA^²	[40, 67]
7p21.3	ICA1	rs10156091	European	1.2	[23, 67]
1q24	IL10	rs3024505	European	NA^²	[40, 67]
1q25.3	NMNAT2	rs2022013	European, Chinese	1.1	[23, 38]
11q23.3	ETS1	rs6590330	Chinese, Thai	NA^²	[38, 46]
10q11.23	WDFY4	rs877819	Chinese, Thai	NA^²	[38, 46]
7p12.2	IKZF1	rs4917014	Chinese	0.7	[38]
12q24.32	SLC15A4	rs10847697; rs1385374	Chinese	1.31	[38]
2p22.3	RASGRP3	rs13385731	Chinese	0.64	[38]

OR¹: Approximate odds ratio.
NA²: Data not available.