Research Article

Biosolid Soil Application: Toxicity Tests under Laboratory Conditions

Table 3

Mean and standard deviation of the mitotic (MI), the chromosome aberration (CA), and mutagenicity indexes (IMt) in meristematic cells of Allium cepa after exposure to control soil, negative and positive controls, and biosolid samples.

SamplesMIICAIMt

NC13.66 ± 1.3711.2 ± 1.781.2 ± 0.832 ± 10.2 ± 0.440.6 ± 0.54
ControlsCS14.21 ± 0.909.48 ± 1.07²2 ± 0.701.6 ± 1.140.6 ± 0.540
MMS11.53 ± 0.885.73 ± 1.158.6 ± 3.04*114.2 ± 2.94*125.6 ± 8.5*124.8 ± 7.29*1
TRIF9.47 ± 0.549.31 ± 1.3551.4 ± 8.79*123.6 ± 4.82*112.2 ± 3.42*13.6 ± 0.89*1
RawB15.36 ± 0.99NA2.15 ± 1.12NA0.16 ± 0.18NA
CombinationSB15.07 ± 0.5615.03 ± 0.7921 ± 5.83*1 *1,21.2 ± 1.30.4 ± 0.54

NC: negative control; CS: control soil; MMS: positive control; TRIF: positive control; B: raw biosolid sample; SB: soil + biosolid.
: time of mixing and : after 30 days of exposure to the diplopods.
*Statistically significant values when compared to the negative control, by Mann-Whitney test, .
1Statistically significant values when compared to the control soil, by Mann-Whitney test, .
2Statistically significant values when compared to the same treatments at 0 and 30 days.
NA: not available.