Effects of Paper-Mill Sludge as a Mulch versus Topsoil Incorporation on Potassium Uptake and the Grain Yield of Rain-Fed Wheat in a High Specific Surface Loess Soil with Illite Dominance in Clay Fraction

Table 2

Harvest index, grain components (stem length, head length, heads per square meter, grains weight per head, 1000 grains weight), grain yield, and the total shoot dry matter.

Shoot dry ، treatment	Harvest index	Stem length (cm)	Head length (cm)	Grain heads per square meter	Grain weight per head (g)	Grains per head	1000-grain weight (g)	Dry grain yield (Kg/ha)	Total shoot dry matter (Kg/ha)
N92P0K0	38.46^a	61.6^abcd	8.16^ab	313.3^d	1.1^ab	32.33^ab	34.58^ab	3465.3^bcde	9033^cd
N0P50K0	42.83^a	62.3^abcd	7.5^b	360^bc	1.14^ab	32.2^ab	35.66^a	4105.3^abcd	9783^cd
N0P0K83	39.4^a	63.3^abcd	7.66^ab	339.6^cd	1.06^ab	27.26^bc	39.16^a	3630.7^abcd	9233^cd
N92P50K0	40.41^a	65.5^ab	8.66^ab	360.3^bc	1.18^ab	35.46^ab	33.33^abc	4262.8^abcd	10500^c
N92P0K83	35.16^abc	67.6^ab	8.66^ab	359.6^bc	1.31^a	37.46^a	35.17^ab	4729.8^ab	13450^a
N0P50K83	41.4^a	64^abc	8.16^ab	353.67^cd	1.1^ab	32.1^ab	34.56^ab	3957.3^abcd	9600^cd
N92P50K83	40.67^a	65.5^ab	8.5^ab	355^c	1.24^a	36.26^ab	34.13^abc	4401.6^abc	10800^bc
I50	28.58^c	56.3^d	4.83^c	410^a	0.55^c	19.9^c	28^c	2264.3^ef	7883^d
M50	36.56^abc	60.3^bcd	7.8^ab	333.3^cd	0.92^b	27.23^bc	34^abc	3076.1^def	8517^cd
I100	27.75^c	56.6^cd	5.16^c	398.3^ab	0.54^c	19.26^c	28.76^bc	2158^f	7783^d
M100	36.49^abc	68.3^a	9.6^a	373^abc	1.29^a	37.33^a	34.66^ab	4825.3^a	13233^ab
N0P0K0	37.92^ab	61.3^abcd	7.66^ab	254^e	1.26^a	33.66^ab	37.71^a	3207.7^cdef	8450^cd

Means within the same column followed by the same letter are not statistically different at 𝑃=0.05 (Fisher’s LSD).