Integrated Crop-Livestock Management Effects on Soil Quality Dynamics in a Semiarid Region: A Typology of Soil Change Over Time

Figure 1

Spatial representation of measured variables on the first factorial map of the principal component analysis (PCA): SBD, soil bulk density; EC, electrical conductivity; PH, soil pH; NO3N, soil nitrate; NH4N, soil ammonium; P, available P; PMN, potentially mineralizable N; SOC, soil organic carbon; TN, total nitrogen; CNRATIO, soil carbon to nitrogen ratio.