Iron Overload in Patients Undergoing Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Table 1

Causes of increased NTBI in HSCT recipients.

Source of iron	Underlying mechanism
Increased intestinal iron absorption due to low hepcidin	(i) Feature of some chronic anemias (e.g., MDS, thalassemia intermedia)
	(ii) HFE gene mutations
Increased macrophage iron	(i) Red cell transfusion therapy
Under utilization of plasma iron	(i) Inhibition of erythropoiesis as a result of cytotoxic therapy used as part of the conditioning regimen
Release of cellular iron	(i) Destruction of bone marrow and tumor cells as a result of cytotoxic therapy used as part of the conditioning regimen