Heart Rate Responses to Synthesized Affective Spoken Words

Table 1

Statistical results of the ratings of valence, arousal, and approachability.

Rating scale	ANOVA	Effect size 𝜂^2	Pairwise comparisons
Valence	𝐹(2, 38) = 30.60, 𝑃<.001	𝜂^2 = .54	Negative < neutral 𝑡(19) = 5.99, 𝑃<.001
			Negative < positive 𝑡(19) = 5.67, 𝑃<.001
			Neutral < positive 𝑡(19) = 4.44, 𝑃<.001
Arousal	𝐹(2, 38) = 13.57, 𝑃<.001	𝜂^2 = .19	Negative > neutral 𝑡(19) = 4.59, 𝑃<.001
			Negative > positive 𝑡(19) = 4.30, 𝑃<.01
			Neutral versus positive 𝑡(19) = 0.76, ns
Approachability	𝐹(1, 23) = 29.30, 𝑃<.001	𝜂^2 = .48	Negative < neutral 𝑡(19) = 7.94, 𝑃<.001
			Negative < positive 𝑡(19) = 5.67, 𝑃<.001
			Neutral < positive 𝑡(19) = 2.64, 𝑃<.05