Using Noninvasive Brain Measurement to Explore the Psychological Effects of Computer Malfunctions on Users during Human-Computer Interactions

Table 2

𝑃 values for 𝑡-tests comparing the effects of the day 2 versus day 3 manipulations on the dependent variables in the study.

Groups	Self-report measures					Sensor measures
	Distrust (↑)	Workload (↑)	Frustration (↑)	Valence (↓)	Arousal (↑)	GSR-EDA (↑)	fNIRS HbO (↑)
Not suspicious	0.038*	0.029*	0.007*	0.026*	0.104	0.15	Middle temporal gyrus*, DLPFC*
Suspicious	no change	0.003*	0.008*	0.038*	0.035*	0.012*	Paracingulate cortex*

*indicates statistical significance.