Measurement of Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillations with Very Large Volume Neutrino Telescopes

Table 2

List of the uncertainties studied by ORCA and PINGU which have the largest impact on their respective NMO analyses (more systematic uncertainties have been studied; see text). Sources of uncertainty are additional parameters in the fit. Studies are performed for a set of true oscillation parameters. The best known values for all other parameters are injected for creating the data templates. PINGU uses priors to penalize deviations while fitting these parameters. ORCA does not use priors and instead reports the standard deviation of the fit results.

Uncertainties	ORCA	PINGU
	(fit yield)	(prior)
,	Unconstrained
	Integrated ±1°	0.2°
,	Fixed
	Fixed at zero
Overall rate factor	2.0%	Unconstrained
(slope, spectral index)	0.5%	±0.05
Energy scale	Not used	±10%
ratio	4.0%	±10%
flavor ratio	1.2%	±3%
NC cross section scaling	11.0%	GENIE model

Both projects have studied how impacts their sensitivity but the results are not yet reflected in the projections given in this review.