Visible/Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Devices and Wet-Chem Analyses for Grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) Quality Assessment: An Environmental Performance Comparison

Figure 3

Hotspots for the benchtop VIS/NIR and the prototype devices based on the reference parameters. Impact categories and acronyms are reported in Table 7. Analytical tools (), energy (), laboratory materials (), and calibration ().