Review Article

A Survey of Visual Sensor Networks

Table 2

Representatives of networking protocols used in visual sensor networks.

Criteria Protocol Strategy

Reliability Combined redundant data transmission over multipath routes and error correction algorithms

Wu and Abouzeid [31] Multipath cluster based data transmissions combined with error correction at each cluster head
Chen et al. [32] Multipath geographical routing and error correction along the routing paths
Maimour et al. [33] Comparison of different strategies for load repartition over the multiple routing paths

Delay Design of delay sensitive MAC and routing protocols, and cross-layer approaches

MAC protocols DSMAC—Lin et al. [34] Adjustable sleeping periods of sensor nodes according to the traffic conditions
DMAC—Lu et al. [35] Eliminates the delays caused by sleepy nodes that are unaware of current data transmissions
Ceken [36] TDMA-based delay aware MAC protocol that provides more time slots for time critical nodes

Routing protocols SPEED—He et al. [37] Transmission delay of a packet depends on the distance to the sink and delivery speed
MMSPEED—Felemban et al. [38] Multispeed transmission and the establishment of more than one path to the destination
Lu and Krishnamachari [39] Joint routing and delay optimization

Cross-layer approaches Andreopoulos et al. [40] Capacity-distortion optimization based on several parameters of routing, MAC, and physical layer
Van der Schaar and Turaga [41] Packetization and packet retransmission optimization
Wang et al. [42] Cross layer protocol for adaptive image transmission for quality optimization of wavelet transformed image

Collaborative image routing Using spatiotemporal information form multiple correlated data sources

Obraczka et al. [43] Communication overhead reduction by collective reasoning based on correlated data
Medeiros et al. [44] Cluster-based object tracking