Enhancing User Experiences of Mobile-Based Augmented Reality via Spatial Augmented Reality: Designs and Architectures of Projector-Camera Devices
Table 4
Evaluation results from the second step of interview. Rating of 5 means that this problem is very important, whereas rating of 1 means that this problem is not important.
No.
Problem
Type
Expert
Rating
Opinion
(1)
Limited size of display and
Phone-based AR
E1
1
People are already familiar with reading everything on a small smartphone screen.
field of view.
Although on-screen keyboard of smartphone remains inconvenient for typing, there is
already an easier option like voice-based inputs.
E2
4
-
E3
3
-
Wearable AR
E1
3
It is more likely to be inconvenient (compared to phone-based AR), especially for those
who are not familiar with wearing eyeglasses.
E2
4
-
E3
4
-
Projector-based AR
E1
3
No problem about display size but there is a new problem about finding an appropriate
empty space or flat surface for projection.
E2
4
Wide field of view may require more than one projector. Setting up multiple projectors
will increase system’s complexity.
E3
2
Projector is a display with sizing flexibility. But unless it is a holographic projector,
projected images are limited to 2D.
(2)
Difficult for group
Phone-based AR
E1
1
Using WiFi or some kinds of video conferencing or screen sharing applications should
observation.
allow many users to share the same AR experience via their own smartphones.
E2
1
-
E3
3
-
Wearable AR
E1
4
Difficult when there are many users at a time as they may observe the same AR contents
from different points of view.
E2
1
-
E3
4
-
Projector-based AR
E1
1
No problem if projector-based AR implies that everyone is at the same place.
E2
4
Implementing good experiences in group observation is crucial for projector-based AR.
E3
2
-
(3)
Not encouraging face-to-face
Phone-based AR
E1
2
With or without phone-based AR, the problem of smartphone addiction (no social
social interactions.
interaction) seems to continue.
E2
1
-
E3
3
-
Wearable AR
E1
1
See-through effect allows the wearer to see both the physical world and the AR virtual
contents at the same time. Hence, social interactions are not blocked.
E2
1
-
E3
4
-
Projector-based AR
E1
1
No problem if projector-based AR implies that everyone is at the same place.
E2
1
-
E3
2
There are many works introducing social collaboration using public projection as triggers.
(4)
AR objects appear too
Wearable AR
E1
2
With better algorithms and hardware, solving this problem should be possible.
transparent.
E2
4
-
E3
4
-
Projector-based AR
E1
3
Seem harder than wearable AR as projection surface may be varied and unpredictable.
E2
4
-
E3
4
-
(5)
Difficult real-time visual scene
Phone-based AR
E1
2
It is a problem needed to be solved anyway.
analysis.
E2
5
-
E3
4
-
Wearable AR
E1
3
Should be more difficult than phone-based AR as it includes 360-degree scene analysis.
E2
5
-
E3
4
-
Projector-based AR
E1
3
Seem difficult as projection surface may be varied and unpredictable.
E2
4
-
E3
5
-
(6)
Crosstalk between projected
Projector-based AR
E1
4
With unpredictable projection surfaces, this problem seems to be the most difficult.
