Meteorological Influences on Seasonal Variation of Fine Particulate Matter in Cities over Southern Ontario, Canada

Table 1

Characteristics for the 12 Ontarian cities in 2006. The cities are ordered by descending latitude see Figure 1(a).

City	Lat. (°)	Lon. (°)	Elevation (m)	Population	Annual average of PM2.5 concentration (𝜇g/m^3)	Characteristics	Annual total emission (tons/y)
Thunder Bay	48.38	−89.29	192	109,140	4.80	Urban	366
Sault Ste. Marie	46.53	−84.31	244	74,948	5.23	Urban	376
Sudbury	46.48	−80.96	260	21,392	4.65	Urban	47
North Bay	46.32	−79.45	219	53,996	4.93	Urban	23
Cornwall	45.02	−74.74	55	45,965	6.46	Urban	39
Barrie	44.38	−79.70	226	128,430	6.64	Urban	8
Toronto	43.71	−79.54	141	2,503,281	8.07	Metropolitan	474
Oakville	43.49	−79.70	165	164,613	7.34	Urban	8
Hamilton	43.26	−79.91	96	504,559	8.20	Industrial, urban	1416
London	43.01	−81.21	270	352,395	6.91	Urban	66
Sarnia	42.98	−82.41	179	71,419	11.28	Industrial	723
Windsor	42.32	−83.04	176	216,473	9.18	Industrial, urban	287