Ensemble Hydrometeorological Forecasts Using WRF Hourly QPF and TopModel for a Middle Watershed

Figure 10

TopModel streamflow simulations using QPF from WRF ensemble members for January 11, 2007, to MAY 11, 2007. The black line is the observed streamflow and bars are the average hourly precipitation on the Iguaçu watershed. The ensemble members are 1—WSM5/KF, 2—WSM6/KF, 3—WSM3/KF, 4—Lin/Grell 3D, 5—Lin/Grell-Devenyi, 6—Lin/BMJ, 7—Morrison/KF, 8—Lin/KF 6 hr lagged, 9—Lin/KF 12 hr lagged, and 10—Lin/KF 18 hr lagged.