Assimilation of Aircraft Observations in High-Resolution Mesoscale Modeling

Figure 4

Vertical profiles of the difference between MAE for each experiment compared to the MAE for Exp. Control for the 1–6 h forecast (19 UTC) as compared to above-surface observations and calculated over observations from all five case days for (a) temperature, (b) dewpoint, (c) wind speed, and (d) wind direction. Values to the left of the vertical line indicate an experiment performed better than the Exp. Control. The number of observations used in the verification to create each vertical layer is noted along the right edge of each plot.

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)