Impact of Using Near Real-Time Green Vegetation Fraction in Noah Land Surface Model of NOAA NCEP on Numerical Weather Predictions

Figure 4

Differences of the WRF-NRT and WRF-Clim runs averaged from 3 October–9 October 2015: (a) GVF input (ΔGVF); (b) top-layer soil moisture output (ΔSM1); (c) skin temperature forecast (ΔTskin); (d) 2 m surface air temperature forecast (ΔT2m).

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)