Impacts of Different Physical Parameterization Configurations on Widespread Heavy Rain Forecast over the Northern Area of Vietnam in WRF-ARW Model
Table 3
List of forecast cycles related to heavy rain cases from 2012 to 2016, the station with maximum daily accumulated rainfall up to 72 h for each cycle, and types of main synoptic situations.
Forecast cycle (year month day hour)
Maximum 24 h accumulation observation (mm)
Station with maximum observation
Types of rain events
2012 05 18 00
37
Bac Yen
Type I
2012 05 19 00
44
Lac Son
Type I
2012 05 20 00
114
Bac Quang
Type I
2012 05 21 00
195
Bac Quang
Type I
2012 05 22 00
131
Ha Dong
Type I
2012 05 23 00
186
Quang Ha
Type I
2012 07 20 00
41
Bac Quang
Type I
2012 07 21 00
24.6
Lai Chau
Type II
2012 07 22 00
116
Vinh Yen
Type II
2012 07 23 00
75
Vinh
Type II
2012 07 25 00
229
Tuyen Quang
Type II
2012 07 26 00
104
Ham Yen
Type II
2012 07 27 00
112
Bac Quang
Type I
2012 08 03 00
58.1
Con Cuong
Type I
2012 08 04 00
34.1
Tinh Gia
Type I
2012 08 05 00
70
Lang Son
Type I
2012 08 06 00
153
Muong La
Type I
2012 08 07 00
163
Quang Ha
Type I
2012 08 13 00
63.6
Muong La
Type II
2012 08 14 00
64.5
Nho Quan
Type II
2012 08 15 00
74
Do Luong
Type II
2012 08 16 00
76
Tam Dao
Type II
2012 08 31 00
49.1
Sin Ho
Type IV
2012 09 01 00
67
Nhu Xuan
Type IV
2012 09 02 00
124
Quynh Luu
Type IV
2012 09 03 00
84
Moc Chau
Type IV
2012 09 04 00
157
Huong Khe
Type IV
2012 09 16 00
151.4
Muong Te
Type IV
2012 09 17 00
104.6
Tam Duong
Type III
2013 06 19 00
109
Bac Quang
Type II
2013 06 20 00
72.2
Huong Khe
Type II
2013 06 21 00
59
Nam Dinh
Type II
2013 06 22 00
218
Ha Tinh
Type II
2014 08 25 00
91
Lao Cai
Type II
2014 08 26 00
89
Van Ly
Type II
2014 08 27 00
157
Hon Ngu
Type II
2015 05 18 00
90
Hoi Xuan
Type III
2015 05 19 00
58
Sin Ho
Type III
2015 05 20 00
106
That Khe
Type III
2015 05 21 00
72
Tuyen Quang
Type III
2015 06 21 00
124
Luc Yen
Type II
2015 06 22 00
72.7
Do Luong
Type II
2015 07 01 00
84.5
Cao Bang
Type I
2015 07 02 00
123.0
Van Chan
Type I
2015 07 03 00
74.0
Huong Khe
Type I
2015 07 21 00
54.5
Hoa Binh
Type I
2015 07 22 00
19
Sin Ho
Type I
2015 07 23 00
92
Sin Ho
Type I
2015 07 24 00
180
Quynh Nhai
Type I
2015 07 25 00
181
Cua Ong
Type I
2015 07 26 00
432
Cua Ong
Type I
2015 07 27 00
347
Quang Ha
Type I
2015 07 28 00
224
Mong Cai
Type I
2015 07 29 00
247
Cua Ong
Type I
2015 07 30 00
145
Quang Ha
Type I
2015 07 31 00
239
Quang Ha
Type I
2015 08 01 00
157
Phu Lien
Type I
2015 09 18 00
73
Hai Duong
Type IV
2015 09 19 00
78.0
Dinh Hoa
Type IV
2016 05 20 00
118
Tinh Gia
Type I
2016 05 21 00
107.0
Ha Nam
Type I
2016 05 22 00
92
Sa Pa
Type I
2016 05 23 00
190.4
Yen Bai
Type I
2016 07 24 00
60
Phu Lien
Type II
2016 07 25 00
17
Thai Binh
Type II
2016 07 26 00
46
Dinh Hoa
Type II
2016 07 30 00
18.1
Mu Cang Chai
Type II
2016 08 01 00
19
Sin Ho
Type I
2016 08 02 00
150
Ninh Binh
Type I
2016 08 10 00
81
Quynh Nhai
Type I
2016 08 11 00
117
Thanh Hoa
Type I
2016 08 12 00
87
Tay Hieu
Type I
Type I: activities of trough or ITCZ; type II: affected by tropical cyclone or low-pressure system; type III: related to cold surge from the north; type IV: combinations of different patterns.