Research Article

Coupling a Bat Algorithm with XGBoost to Estimate Reference Evapotranspiration in the Arid and Semiarid Regions of China

Table 5

Results of the statistical indicators for all models in the Yinchuan station during the training and testing stages.

ModelTrainingTesting
R2RMSEMAERMSEmax10%MAEmax10%R2RMSEMAERMSEmax10%MAEmax10%

GPR10.8560.6530.5141.3711.3510.870.6630.5111.4241.401
GPR20.9820.2480.1910.5680.5480.9740.3340.2590.730.719
GPR30.9840.230.1760.530.5180.9740.2890.1970.7510.696
GPR40.980.2570.1960.5880.5740.9660.3430.2620.7520.736
GPR50.9840.230.1690.5360.5190.9720.4610.3780.9410.907
GPR60.9860.2080.1470.5070.4910.970.3840.2850.8880.878
MARS10.9680.30.2290.6770.6660.9740.340.2620.7280.723
MARS20.9880.1870.1420.4220.4090.9840.2620.1940.6090.602
MARS30.9860.2030.1530.4720.4660.9840.2270.1840.4610.453
MARS40.9920.1590.120.3680.360.9860.2190.1630.5230.513
MARS50.9920.1550.1170.3480.3440.990.3230.2660.6870.676
MARS60.9960.1050.070.2750.2650.9940.1720.1080.4640.458
BAXGB10.9780.2610.1890.6140.5940.9780.2610.2040.580.576
BAXGB20.9880.2030.1460.490.4680.9820.2290.1730.5240.51
BAXGB30.990.1760.130.4120.4020.9860.190.1420.4160.409
BAXGB410.0510.0380.1160.1130.9880.2040.1560.4670.452
BAXGB50.9920.2050.1450.5020.4870.9880.2220.1580.5340.532
BAXGB60.9960.1620.1130.3930.3780.9880.1750.1230.4120.401

Note. Bold font indicates the best model.